N'guigmi

Region

N'Guigmi (also: Nguigmi ) is a town and the capital of the eponymous department N'Guigmi in Niger.

Geography

N'Guigmi located in the Sahel region on the former shore of Lake Chad. The city is divided into six districts, 51 administrative villages, seven traditional villages, 24 storage and 21 water points. The six districts are Administratif, Cameroun, Djoulari, Garin Dolé, Kanembouri and Saban Carré. N'Guigmi bordered to the east by the neighboring country Chad. The neighboring communities in Niger are N'Gourti in the north, the south and Bosso Kabléwa in the West.

History

The city's name comes from the Kanuri word n'jié Kimé, indicating a large red earthenware jar.

An expelled from the kingdom of Kanem group of Kanembu founded about three kilometers northwest of present-day N'Guigmi under their leader Lottoy Abouloumi the place N'Guigmi -Din ("old N'Guigmi "). They laid here on a palm grove with introduced plants from Yemen. Around the year 1730 the population of N'Guigmi -Din moved to N'Guigmi. Until the beginning of the 19th century, the area suffered regular attacks by the Tuareg and Tubu. The British explorer Dixon Denham and Hugh Clapperton reached N'Guigmi in the year 1822. On June 28, 1870, the German explorer Gustav Nachtigal entered the place. Beginning of the 20th century came N'Guigmi under British influence. French troops occupied the city on 13 April 1903, directed in 1904 a military post, but they had to give it up again in 1905. Obtained was only on November 10, 1906 France, the permanent control of N'Guigmi. 1911, in the course of administrative reform, in which the French military territory of Niger was divided into six districts, both N'Guigmi and Bilma to main varieties of each named after them circles. In 1912 the county N'Guigmi was replaced by a circle with capital in Maïné - Soroa and the place N'Guigmi was only one of two sectors of the circle Maïné - Soroa.

In the 1980s, Arabs from Chad moved with their herds of cattle in the area around N'Guigmi, which led to conflicts in the use of pastures and wells. In the 1990s there were armed uprisings of the Tubu, who felt especially given the poor supply situation of the government in Niamey neglected. The Tubu organized themselves into paramilitary organization Democratic Front pour le renouveau. In addition, there were internal conflicts between different clans and between Tubu Tubu and Fulbe, which was prohibited by the Tubu regarded as the honorable possession of camels.

N'Guigmi was next Mayahi the second city in Niger, the United Nations Capital Development Fund at the end of 2000 led a project to create a decentralized local government. The project included, among others, informal " shadow governments " and the informal monitoring elections to prepare for the establishment of functioning official municipal bodies.

Population

In the 1977 census N'Guigmi had 8267 inhabitants in the census in 1988 and 9537 inhabitants in the 2001 census 15,807 inhabitants. For 2010 41.105 inhabitants were calculated.

Economy and infrastructure

The north of the municipality is located in an area in which Agropastoralismus is predominant, while in the south begins the zone of rainfed farming. N'Guigmi is an important commercial center especially for the trans-Saharan trade, which was negatively affected by the poor security situation since the Tubu uprisings in the 1990s. The National Highway 1 of N'Guigmi after Diffa and the border between Niger and Chad are frequent scenes of robbery by highwaymen. In the city takes place every Sunday a large cattle fair, which is attended mainly by Tuareg, Tubu and Arabs. N'Guigmi is the seat of the Tribunal d' Instance, one of the nation's 30 civil courts, which is below the ten civil courts of first instance (Tribunal de Grande Instance ) are. In the city there is a local citizen radio (radio communautaire). The Centre was founded in 2004 N'Guigmi pour la Promotion Féminine dedicated to the education and in particular the female literacy.

Personalities

  • Mohamed Bazoum (* 1960), politician, Foreign Minister of Niger
  • Boulama Manga (* 1940), army officer and politician
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