Nadezhda Mandelstam

Nadezhda Mandelstam Jakovlevna (Russian Надежда Яковлевна Мандельштам; scientific transliteration Nadezhda Jakovlevna Mandel'shtam; * 18 Oktoberjul / October 30 1899greg in Saratov, .. † December 29, 1980 in Moscow), born Chasina (Russian Хазина ), was a Russian author and the wife of the poet Osip Mandelstam.

Life

She was born in Saratov into a Jewish family from the middle class. Her early years were spent in Kiev. After attending high school, she studied art.

After her marriage in 1921, Nadezhda and Osip Mandelstam lived in Ukraine, Petrograd, Moscow and Georgia. Osip was arrested in 1934 for his Stalin Epigram and sent with Nadezhda after Tscherdyn, Perm region, and later to Voronezh in exile.

After Osip Mandelstam's second arrest and his subsequent death in the transit camp near Vladivostok Wtoraja Retschka in 1938 Nadezhda Mandelstam led an almost nomadic life. For fear of being arrested, they often changed his residence and took only temporary work. At least once, in Kalinin, the NKVD officials rang just one day after her escape to her apartment door.

She made ​​it her life's work to preserve her husband's poetic heritage and supply of publication. Most of it she kept in memory. Various friends of the poet did likewise.

After Stalin's death, Nadezhda Mandelstam completed her dissertation (1956 ), and she received permission to return to Moscow ( 1958).

In her autobiography, the title Hope Against Hope and Hope Abandoned bear in English and have been published in German under the titles The Century of wolves and generation without tears - they were first published in the West - it is an analysis of their life and criticized the moral and cultural degeneration of the Soviet Union of the twenties and the time after that. The English title of her memoirs are puns, Nadezhda means in Russian "Hope" ( engl. hope ). The Russian edition is simply called Memories (Russian Воспоминания; Book 1 to 3).

Nadezhda Mandelstam in 1979 handed over their archives of Princeton University. In 1980 she died in Moscow at the age of 81 years.

Werkausgaben

  • Hope Against Hope. A Memoir. New York Atheneum 1970
  • Hope Abandoned. A Memoir. Translated from the Russian by Max Hayward. New York Atheneum 1970
  • The century of the wolves. An Autobiography. From the Russian by Elisabeth Mahler. Frankfurt / Main: S. Fischer Verlag GmbH, 1971
  • Generation without tears. Memories. From the Russian by Godehard Schramm. Frankfurt am Main: S. Fischer Verlag GmbH 1975
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