Nercha River
Nercha ( Нерча ) in the catchment area of the Shilka
The Nercha (Russian Нерча ) is a 580 km long left tributary of the Shilka in Transbaikalia (Russia, Asia).
Course
The Nercha occurs in about 990 m altitude in the mountain range Oljokminski Stanowik in the northeastern part of the Jablonowygebirges that represents the watershed to Oljokma and thus the river system of Lena here from the respective ten -kilometer-long spring-fed streams Northern Nercha ( Severnaya Nercha ) and Southern Nercha ( Juschnaja Nercha ). Both arise in approximately 1300 m altitude on the western flank of the mountain Gora Chernyshova ( 1672 m )
The first Nercha turns in southwestern directions and flows mostly meandering in a wide valley to the north of the Shilka extending central mountains, southeast of the main ridge of the Tscherskigebirges (not to be confused with the Tscherskigebirge in northeastern Siberia ). Later she turns into more südsüdöstliche direction, the valley narrows sections. Finally, the river empties into 465 m altitude in the Amur - Shilka river source.
Most important tributaries are the Nertschugan from left and Akima and Uldurga from the right. Throughout their history the Nercha flowing through the Trans-Baikal region.
Hydrographic
The catchment area of 27,500 km ² comprises Nercha. In estuaries near the river reaches a width of about 200 meters in just over one meter depth; The flow rate is 0.5 m / s
The Nercha freezes from October to late April / early May, passing through freezes from January to April to the bottom. From May to October it leads floods. The water flow in estuary near is the annual average 90 m³ / s
Infrastructure and economy
The Nercha is not navigable, but was formerly used for timber floating.
The through by the Nercha in the headwaters area is sparsely populated, only from the middle reaches there are some places on the river. About seven kilometers above the confluence is named after the river town Nertschinsk, one of the oldest in Transbaikalia. At the Nertschamündung is the urban-type settlement Priiskowy where the station Priiskowaja the Trans-Siberian Railway is ( 6490 line kilometers from Moscow, from here leads a freight route connecting several kilometers above Nertschinsk out along the Nercha ). The Trans-Siberian railway crosses the river a few hundred yards above its confluence with the Shilka.
The area on the lower reaches is relatively well served by roads; of Nertschinsk lead regional roads to Sretensk, Balei and Aga. The long been completed section Chita Tschernyschewsk construction in progress M58 Amur to Khabarovsk, part of the Trans-Siberian road link, crosses the river at the village Znamenka, about 30 kilometers northwest of Nertschinsk.
The Nertschatal was until the second half of the 20th century, major gold mining area, but that meaning has passed since then lost in favor of other regions of Russia.