Nicolas Joseph Laurent Gilbert

Nicolas Gilbert ( * December 15 1750 in Fontenoy- le -Château, Vosges, † November 16, 1780 in Paris) was a French poet.

Life

Nicolas Joseph Laurent Gilbert, after the baptismal actually Nicolas Joseph Florens Gilbert was born in 1750 as son of a farmer, grain merchant and village mayor in eastern Lorraine. Because of his talent the village priest taught him Latin and gave him access to the College de l' Arc in Dole. During this period first verses and prose pieces. After living in Lyon and Nancy Gilbert in 1770 went with a letter to Jean -Baptiste le Rond d' Alembert called to Paris to live there from the free poetry. An initially provided by Alembert in view point as a tutor but was then reassigned. A first book of poetry in 1771 was awarded the part of the " Philosophes " bad reviews. Melchior Grimm mocked in the " Correspondance littéraire " about Gilbert, who appear to make only the rhymes and the hunger to die had come to Paris. Only the conservative " L' Année litteraire " wooed compassion for the poor unfortunate young man. Even with further publications in 1772, the " Poete malheureux " and an ode " Le dernier Jugement " Gilbert had no success.

About François- Thomas -Marie de Baculard d' Arnaud Gilbert made ​​the acquaintance of Élie Catherine Fréron, editor of the conservative anti-enlightenment literary magazine " L' Année littéraire ". Under the influence and the promotion Freron Gilbert became a vehement fighter against the " philosophers ". The Fréron dedicated satire " Le XVIII. Siècle " slandered the enlightened authors usurped demigods and tyrants on Parnassus. The monster Voltaire was hiding under the cloak of a philosopher. It sucks out talents and destroy the virtue. The person sitting in the Académie française philosophers snatched only gifts of honor, wealth and employment.

Due to its restorative poetics Gilbert superscript patrons acquired. The Archbishop of Paris and the pious daughter of Louis XV. , Madame Marie Louise de Bourbon, procured Gilbert lucrative pensions and a royal stipend of 1,000 livres. Until his untimely accidental death in 1780 put Gilbert his literary feud with the " philosophers " section. Gilbert had fallen a few days before his death from his horse. After trepanation, he is said to have swallowed a cassette key in delirium, the irreversibly fixed sat down in the esophagus, leading to death ( Journal de médecine, January 1781, p 82). Gilbert died, contrary to the fable in a well-off location. In his will, he shall have bequeathed, among other legatee a friendly young soldier, who later became general Bernadotte, ten louis d'or.

The poem Adieux à la vie (also titled: Ode imitée de plusieurs psaumes ), sealed a few days before his death, shows almost modern overtones and is one of his few pieces of timeless value.

Aftereffect

In the 19th century took place in France, among others, by Musset and Flaubert, a Neurezeption Gilbert in which we now saw the young, poor, almost insane poet, who died in anticipation of Bohème for his art on hunger. Literary impressive this Neurezeption was incorporated in Alfred de Vigny's novel Stello, in the story of the Black Doctor of the death of the poet and satirist Gilbert. The narrative draws its tension from the contrast between the grim death scene of the unrecognized poet and the frivolous mood of the Shepherd Stündchens of king and mistress. The Black Doctor draws the conclusion: " Separate poetic and political life and create in complete solitude ," a conclusion that exactly considered neither Gilbert nor Vigny is transferable.

At the turn of the 20th century will go out with the last foothills of the Romantic interest in Gilbert, who falls into almost total oblivion.

Works

  • Les Familles de Darius et d' Éridame, EA without a printer, La Haye et Paris, 1770, 2 volumes
  • Début poétique EA without a printer, (Paris), 1771
  • Le Poète malheureux, ou Le Génie aux prises avec la fortune, Paris, 1772
  • Le dernier Jugement, Paris, 1773
  • Le carnaval des auteurs ou les masques reconnus et punis, EA Paris, 1773
  • Le Siècle, Geneva (Paris), 1774
  • Éloge de Léopold, duc de Lorraine, 1774
  • Le jubilé: Ode, 1775
  • Le Dix- huitième Siècle: a satire M. Fréron, EA without printer, 1775, 8 °, 21 pp.
  • Diatribe au sujet des prix académiques, Paris 1776
  • Ode sur la guerre après le combat d' Ouessant presente without printer, Paris, 1778, 8 °, 12 pp.
  • Mon Apology: EA En Commission par M. Gilbert, 1778, 8 °, (2), 17, ( 1) S.
  • Ode imitée de plusieurs psaumes known under " Adieux à la vie", 1780
  • Ode au Roi, undated
  • Diffuse de M. Gilbert sur ​​sa satire you dixhuitième siècle, undated

Werkausgaben

  • Oeuvres complètes de Gilbert, EA Le Jay, Paris, 1788, 8 °, XVI, 232 S.
  • Oeuvres complètes de Gilbert, Pillot Jeune, Paris, 1805, 2 volumes, 16 °, 171, ( 4), 169, ( 1) S.
  • Oeuvres complètes de Gilbert, Renouard, Paris, 1806, 2 volumes, 12 °, 189, 187 S.

Several editions of the works of 1823-1878, as well as Single of the poems

Dole, Jura Nancy, France Trepanning House of Bernadotte Name Authority File
602803
de