Nicolas Lemery

Nicolas Lemery (* November 17, 1645 in Rouen, † June 19, 1715 in Paris) was a French chemist and physician. He was the author of several textbooks and encyclopedias of chemistry and one of the first chemists who represented the metal antimony and the chemistry of acids and bases scientifically.

Life

Nicolas Lemery was the son and fifth born of seven children of Julien Lemery and his second wife Susan Duchemin. His father was procurator of the Parliament of Normandy and died as Nicolas had become eleven years old. Most likely, he attended a Protestant school in Grand- Quevilly in the suburbs of Rouen. Around the age of fifteen, he began training in the pharmacy of his maternal uncle Pierre Duchemin in Rouen. After six years he left then to Rouen in 1666 in Paris at the pharmacologist Christophe Glaser, the pharmacist at the court of Louis XIV, to expand his knowledge.

Between 1668 and 1672 he lived in Montpellier, was there, however, as a Protestant not be a member of the pharmacist profession. In 1672 he returned to Paris in the laboratory of Bernardin Martin ( 1629-1703 ), the pharmacist of Louis II de Bourbon, prince de Condé to act. With the support of the Prince of Condé, however, he practiced until 1683, after which the pharmacist license was revoked.

Lemery went to the University of Caen, where he was a PhD as a doctor of medicine. In 1685 the Edict of Nantes to the free exercise of religion in France was revoked and led to thousands of French Protestants left the country as Huguenots. Lemery converted to Catholicism and taught in public lectures outside the university chemistry, in which he strongly demarcated from those of alchemy, which had the reputation of Paracelsus's teachings and was rejected.

In 1677 came his son Louis Lemery to the world, who later became a chemist and physician at the Royal Hospital in Paris. 1699 Lemery was admitted to the Académie Royale des Sciences.

Works

1675 published Lemery his work Cours de Chemistry more, the chemistry represented in the early editions as an auxiliary science of medicine, this position but later increasingly ausklammerte and chemistry as a separate science of natural processes in the distillation, fermentation and sublimation of plant, animal and mineral substances represented. In German translation the work appeared under the title Cours de Chimie or The perfect Chymist 1697 in Dresden and was reprinted several times in the following years to 1754.

1697 appeared the Pharmacopie universal and in the following year Traité universel of drogues simples, which according to the third edition in Amsterdam also appeared in German translation as materials Dictionary 1716. This material Lexicon was subsequently fully complete in the 1732 and 1754 published Big adopted Universal Lexicon Aller managed knowledge and skills of Johann Heinrich Zedler, but without to be acknowledged as the source. Even the entry on Lemery contains no information on the German translation is not mentioned there.

In 1707 he published a treatise on the mineral antimony under the title Traité de l' anti- Moine, the German translation was made in 1709 under the title New curieuse, chymical Geheimnüße of antimonii.

• Cours de Chemistry more: contenant la maniere de faire les qui sont operations en usage dans la medecine, par un facile method; avec des reasoning sur chaque surgery, pour l'instruction de ceux qui veulent s'appliquer a cette science. - 6th ed - Paris: Michallet, 1687 Digitized spent Eder University and State Library Dusseldorf.
• Het philosoophze laboratory, often ' the chymisten stook - huis. - Amsterdam: ten Hoorn, 1691 Digitized edition of the University and State Library Dusseldorf.
• Nouveau recueil de [s ] et curiositez secrets, les plus rares & admir ables de tous les effects, que l' art & sont la nature de capables produire. - 5th ed - Amsterdam: Mortier, 1697 Digitized spent Eder University and State Library Dusseldorf. 1
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