Nienover

51.6805555555569.5216666666667Koordinaten: 51 ° 40 ' 50 "N, 9 ° 31' 18" O

Nienover is a town in the borough bottom field in the district of Northeim in southern Lower Saxony, consisting of the local documents Nienover Amelith and polishing. On 1 March 1974, the former municipality Nienover was incorporated into the soil stains field.

• 3.1 castle
• 3.2 city 3.2.1 Location and structure
• 3.2.2 Battle and sale
• 3.2.3 Wüstung
• 3.2.4 partial reconstruction

• 3.3.1 building
• 3.3.2 use

• 4.1 The scope
• 4.2 Research Stop

• 5.1 Regular events
• 5.2 associations

• 6.1 Here knitted
• Here born 6.2

Geography

The local situation Nienover consisting of houses, a domain, a water mill and medieval center, has 42 inhabitants and is located in the southern part of the Solling about five kilometers (direct distance ) north-northwest of the core village ground field, about three kilometers west of the B 497 at the L551 near the B 241 It is situated on about 175 to 210 m above sea level. NN in the valley of the heron creek, which arises from two spring-fed streams with the same name. Below the castle in the forest lies the 1971 scale Caroline Pond, which is named after Caroline of Brandenburg- Ansbach and is fed by the heron creek. Immediately adjacent was a pond as a historical precursor whose dam has been pierced. Surrounded Nienover is by many hills, whose highest point of the mountain is located north of Old Schmacht ( 447.5 m above sea level).

Policy

Coat of arms

The town coat of arms dates from the time when Nienover an independent municipality was and how today consists of three layers of local Nienover Amelith and polishing, this is symbolized by three balls. The upper half crest reminiscent of the Count of Dassel, who provided the first expansion of the town in the Middle Ages.

Ortsrat

The Ortsrat in Nienover consists of five council women and councilors:

• SPD 3 seats
• CDU 2 seats

History

Castle

1144 Castle Nienover was first mentioned in the list of allods of Count Siegfried von Northeim. The first written mention of Nienuverre refers to the Romanesque castle.

The site is a mountain spur where the building to the south provided an imposing protection. To the north, the terrain runs, compared to the surrounding mountain landscape of the Solling, without striking transition from. Since such sites are more typical of the early Middle Ages as the High Middle Ages, the construction of the castle Nienover is dated to the first millennium. From this period, in which the area was a Augau, a wall rest received with a window, also an approximately 33 meter deep castle well and parts of the surrounding wall.

Later the castle was probably first to Hermann II of Winzenburg in possession, and after the condemnation of Henry the Lion as the fed imperial fief to the counts of Dassel, which moved their headquarters there about the year 1200. 1274 carried the Count of Dassel to a transfer to the Guelph when the fief was confiscated, King Rudolf I, but did not meet. That is why the castle was sold until 1303 Albrecht II. From here, the Dukes of Brunswick took hunting trips in the Solling. Even Duke Heinrich Julius of Brunswick- Wolfenbüttel used the castle regularly as a hunting residence. From Duchess Elisabeth of Calenberg -Göttingen she was living, used as and from 1540 as a widow seat. The castle was destroyed in the Thirty Years' War.

City

Location and structure

On the ground in front of the castle, the Count of Dassel founded around 1180 a settlement in which it was a city because of its size and subsequent documents. The plant was built as a tapering of the castle three road system. The site was located went off at a crossroads, by the way to the castle Gieselwerder, Dassel to the castle as well as the old military road to the temporary camp at King Sohlingen. The footprint on the ridge is formed as a plateau. The soil is prone to moisture because of the Solling geology. Therefore, the houses had stone basement on which the buildings were placed in post and beam construction.

For the construction of houses and agricultural land use, the counts of Dassel could carry out land clearing. Since this was partly not covered by their rights, the counts had the Bishop Bernhard III in 1210. Atone.

The houses stood along the streets and to the edge of the area, so there were houses of different sizes, which is otherwise regarded as evidence of a than in a village, socially structured population. The first houses were about 17 meters long, the latter shorter, according to the size of the parcels in the town plan. Also there were several wells of shallow depth, similar to that of stone cisterns available. Medieval pottery shards high have been preserved as evidence of the action of residents and served on the dating of events.

Around 1220 Nienover was probably due to a feud, in a fire, but was rebuilt soon again.

On the north side of the city with two, separated by a 2.5 -meter-deep ditch, earthen walls was secured, which were about three feet high. From medieval buildings comparison includes the research that a stockade on the Wall existed. The total width of the defense was up to 40 meters.

Slaughter and sale

For a restricted to the years 1269-1274 time Nienover was attacked from the north. It came to a fight event using many crossbow bolts and arrows. Here, the wood construction proved to be disadvantageous, so that the place burned down completely, only the castle remained available in the following centuries. At the same time that economic conditions had deteriorated significantly since the protection imaging Count withdrew from the southern countryside by selling the castle Schartenberg. Therefore, the houses were not rebuilt.

The last documented in the subsequent decades detectable person was the pastor. About the attackers are no records, reasons of power politics comes Albrecht Lange as the mastermind in question.

On February 15, 1303 sold Simon Graf von Dassel castle and county Nienover with rights and possessions belonging to Duke Albrecht the feisty as ruler of the Principality of Göttingen. Thus the place came into the possession of the Guelphs.

Wüstung

The ruined city was used as cropland and pasture area since her libertine traps without overbuilding. Your physical existence was forgotten, so that it was only discovered by the researches from 1996. The libertine traps despite central European Central location is a consequence of the change of the high medieval territorial sovereignty and fundamental for the understanding of today's southern borders of Lower Saxony.

In the face of the earth, the city wall, basement, remnants of the streets of the three road system and other evidence of medieval settlement of Nienover have received. The complex is a rare example of a Stadtwüstung and thus archaeological site, by international scientific and national tourist interest.

Partial reconstruction

About an excavated basement of a roadside house has been reconstructed from the time around 1230 by a historian on a scientific basis an urban half-timbered house. In the basic configuration, it draws on elements of the Hall house. In structural engineering historical techniques were used apparently.

Since it is the former bakery, it is provided with a stone oven, the time corresponding with no chimney. It also has a large gate to the entrance of the harvest trolley. The loft is spacious. The roof is covered with wood shingles. The basement is where the original. The property is fenced by a wattle fence of willow.

Castle

Building

At the site of the ruined castle, the present castle was built with a timber floor and a sandstone roof 1641-1656. The building is divided into three construction phases, as the main building is divided by the visible as a central Eckquader Baunaht into two halves, the one of modern outbuilding has been used. The furnishings were a precious wall paneling, which has since been consumed for heating purposes. As an accessory in 1535 documented a church established. The castle garden covers three acres.

Use

Before the castle is situated on the south side of a terrace on three levels from the period around 1690. You served as a kitchen garden for fruit and vegetables, with the heat-storing dry-stone walls, offset in the harsh climate of the Solling.

Until 1962, the palace was the official residence of a forester. From 1964 it was privately owned. In 1979 it was purchased by Prime Minister Ernst Albrecht, to use it as a guest house for the state government of Lower Saxony. The state government was structurally rehabilitate it later. In Nienover lock a branch of the Forestry Faculty of the Georg -August- University of Göttingen from 1984 to 2005 brought. In November 2005, the state government of Lower Saxony sold under the aegis of Hartmut Möllring the castle into private hands. It has since been the seat of a stud.

The castle is surrounded by a modern wall and not accessible to the public.

Landwehr

After the rampart had been found to be unsuitable attachment, a militia was about 200 meters north of the castle built. The exact date is unknown. John crab outlined its position in its 1603 Map of the Solling. Although to its elements there is a deed, but which is interpreted as a phrase, so it is assumed that an investment in the time of conventional construction. A bump of about 200 x 8 meters, which is parallel to B 241 to a moist drain is interpreted as a remnant of the plant. Nearby are the remains of dams Nienovers. In the first modern research they have been misinterpreted as Landwehr components by was suspected that they had been flooded with the thus dammed water, for the defense of the military road.

Vorwerk and stud

Below the castle stand as remnants of a grange, the stately former water-powered mill, which can be visited, as well as the former office mug and a tithe barn. On the opposite slope, on the other side of the L551, is the wild house, a building of the 18th century, reminiscent of the ducal stud farm, which was located from the 16th to the 18th century in Nienover.

The beginnings of horse breeding in the Solling go back on Erich and Elisabeth of Calenberg- Göttingen. The main building of the former stud stood where today the 18th-century Wild House ( ie mare barn ) stands on the hillside east of the castle. 1760 stud was laid in the Solling to Neuhaus.

The establishment of the new stud in 2005, builds on the tradition of the local horses. In the stud gaited horses are bred. The use of the land for grazing will continue the historic cultural landscape.

Office

At times, there was also the official Nienover. To the located in the Principality of Calenberg Office included the places Bodenfelde, Wahmbeck, Schoenhagen and Kammerborn. Adjacent to the northwest lay the Office Furstenberg, in the east, the Office Uslar, in the southeast, the Office Sababurg, the southwest is the official Karl harbor and to the west the Office Lauenfoerde. The latter was finally merged with the Office of the Official Nienover Nienover - Lauenfoerde, which was established in 1852 with the Office Uslar, precursor of the circle Uslar, united. Under Westphalian crew it belonged to the district of Göttingen as Canton, then to Landdrostei Hildesheim.

Research

Scope

Since 1996, terrain and Baurelikte were studied under the direction of Hans -Georg Stephan with the methods of classical archeology. Until 2004 the archeology conducted annual excavations.

The investigations were after the initial successes spatially extended to the deserted village Winnefeld, the deserted village Schmeessen and the forest glassworks at Lakeborn. Technically also ground radar, Geobotany, Geoecology and aerial photography were included in the research program. Ultimately, found himself, the importance of appropriate reference, an international team of scientists.

Castle and mill were not the subject of recent research, with the exception of the found in the castle well objects that reflect the everyday culture of the 18th century. Research on the castle so far concerned mainly the well.

Research stop

Following the sale of 2005, the new owner of the land forbade any further excavations. All other research on issues closer dating, access roads and gates in the Wall as well as to the remaining houses and the search for a possible church site are therefore not possible indefinitely. With the establishment of a riding school for the first time a previously underutilized area was built over many centuries. One edition of the district Northeim according to excavated was no pit, so that the ground archaeological exploration can be continued in later generations. With the assistance of the district of Northeim, a small patch was made available for the reconstruction of the house on the northern edge.

Culture

Regular events

In the summer months, "Living History" events. Are shown reenactment medieval life scenes and oriented fragments of historical musical performances. Technical supervision and guidance in terms of experimental archeology done by Petra Lönne for the district of Northeim. The organizers will provide the authentic site and require realistic representations, so there are for visitors impressive showings.

As a permanent facility is on the west side Nienovers the Hutewaldprojekt in the Solling -Vogler.

Clubs

Among the known associations include the volunteer fire department. It was founded in 1934. From 1939 there was a duty firefighters. In 1951 the start-up as a volunteer fire department. In 1979, the old school was converted to a fire station, which was replaced in 1996 by a new one in Amelith. The fire department is equipped with a portable fire pump TSF -W. 2012, a fire brigade was established patrons.

Personalities

Here knitted

• Ludolf of Dassel II
• Ludolf IV of Dassel
• V. Ludolf of Dassel
• Friedrich Wilhelm Compe
• August Seidensticker

Born here

• Elisabeth of Brunswick- Calenberg