Nițchidorf

Niţchidorf ( Nitzkydorf German, Hungarian Niczkyfalva ) is a municipality in Timiş county in the Romanian Banat. For the first time the city in 1784 was mentioned in writing.

Location

Niţchidorf located in the southeast of the county Timiş, close to the border with the county Caras -Severin, south-west of Lugoj, 11 kilometers south of Buziaş ( Bad Busiasch ).

Neighboring towns

Etymology

In the area of today's Niţchidorf already existed in the Middle Ages a village called Kutus. 1785 was the name of the place New Wukowar, as appears from a document dated June 20, 1785 the bishop Csanád Emmerich Christovich. Already in the autumn of the same year the place was named after Count Christopher of Nitzkydorf Nitzky, who conducted the settlement of the place. During the Hungarian period was called the village Niczkyfalva, 1918 after the annexation to Romania, the station was renamed Nichişoara. The Romanian spelling of the place name is Niţchidorf.

History

Nitzkydorf was applied between 1784-1786, as a result of the so-called Third Schwabenzugs (1782-1786) the settlement of the Banat Germans. The settlement Nitzkydorfs performed according to the decree of September 21, 1782 Joseph II, 1765-1790 Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation and co-ruler of the Habsburg lands.

The first settlers arrived in 1785 from Alsace, Lorraine, the Palatinate, Trier, Luxembourg, Swabia, from the Black Forest and in Silesia. Already in 1784 they were recorded in Vienna in lists, the journey occurred in October, wintered in Werschetz and reached in the summer of 1785 the settlement place. In the years 1822-1823 some families from Hungary and Bohemia were added and in 1828 some German Bohemia from Wolfsberg and from Weidenthal.

On 4 June 1920, the Banat was divided into three parts as a result of the Treaty of Trianon. The largest, eastern part, which also Nitzkydorf belonged, fell to Romania.

Due to the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany all ethnic German conscript men were drafted into the German army. Even before the war, in January 1945, the deportation of all ethnic German women between 18 and 30 years and men aged 16-45 years was held kidnapped for construction labor in the Soviet Union. The land reform law of 23 March 1945 which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, the rural population deprived the livelihood.

Niţchidorf has 1,570 inhabitants ( 2007) and a total area of ​​64.13 km ². The mayor 's Ioan Maşcovescu ( USL, Social Liberal Union).

Population

Personalities

  • Sebastian herbs (1922-2008), Bishop of the Diocese of Timisoara
  • Balthasar Waitz ( born 1950 ), writer and journalist
  • Herta Müller ( * 1953 ), German -language novelist, Nobel Prize in Literature 2009
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