November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état

The military coup of 18 November 1963 Iraq was the culmination of those power struggles that led to the temporary loss of power of the Baath Party, after it had come until February 1963 a military coup against Abd al- Karim Qasim to power. From Baathist side of the military coup is therefore also known as November counterrevolution.

The prelude

The main reason for the following events was the Secretary General of the Iraqi section of the Baath Party, Ali Salih al- Sa'di ( Ali Saleh al - Saadi ), while Interior Minister and Deputy Prime Minister under the Baath Premier Ahmad Hasan al -Bakr. In October 1963 as- Sa'di had operated on the all-Arab Sixth Party Congress ( National Congress ) of the Baath party in Damascus, the deactivation of the founding fathers Aflaq and Bitar. On November 11, invoked as- Sa'di and his followers an "extraordinary party conference " to exclude al -Bakr and other rivals from the party. Bakr - loyal Baathist officers arrested her, whereupon on November 13, the as- Sa'di 's confidant Wandawi, remote (but not back trodden ) chief of the National Guard, targets bombed in Baghdad and five days long raged in the capital. Hassan al -Bakr called the se purely representative President Abd al- Sallam Arif to help, who restored as commander in chief of the army and order.

Secretary of the Interior Ali Salih al- Sa'di

President Abd al- Sallam Arif

Party leader Michel Aflaq

The fall

The gathered by Arif opponents of the Baath Party took advantage of the growing power of the President. By a coup Arif - loyal military al -Bakr was deposed on November 18 as prime minister, Arif himself first took over the government. From the Baath Party, this event is known as the actual counter-revolution, the revolt represented against their rule. In vain had Michel Aflaq, Syrian President Amin al- Hafiz and Syrian Chief of Staff Salah Jadid tries to avert a trip to Baghdad to overthrow the local Baath government and had been arrested there even for a few hours of Iraqi military authorities. Hassan al -Bakr remained the powerless vice president, he also had to give up in the spring of 1964. New Premier was the ex - Baathist and Nasserist New Tahir Yahya.

Incidentally, both the warring factions of the Baath party and the Baath Party and Arif accused each other of being one of the "rights" or reactionary forces.

Effects

With the military coup of November 1963, the Iraq of a " parliamentary " Republic ( under a Prime Minister ) to a presidential republic under Arif ( to 1966 /68) was. 1964-1968, however, the office of vice president was abolished.

Swell

• Lothar Rathmann: History of Arabs - from the beginnings to the present, Volume 6 ( The battle for the path of development in the Arab world ), page 203f. Akademie-Verlag Berlin 1963
• Marion Farouk - Sluglett, Peter Sluglett: Iraq since 1958 - from revolution to dictatorship, pages 97ff and 104f. Suhrkamp Frankfurt / Main 1991
• Arab Socialist Ba'th Party ( Iraqi region ): The Political Report - Regional adopted by the Eighth Congress, pp. 23f, 27 and 31, the Ministry of Information of the Republic of Iraq, in January 1974