Occidental language

• Constructed language plan language

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Interlingue is a constructed language. It was published in 1922 under the name of Occidental of the German Balts Edgar of choice. It occupies an intermediate position between the so-called naturalistic and schematic diagram languages. Because of the confusion with Interlingua they are called in the literature often Occidental - Interlingue.

Interlingue mainly differs from other planned languages ​​that they largely unchanged takes care of the international vocabulary (words that are identical or similar in many languages) in stems and affixes, so that there are already known from the international vocabulary of forms, but on the other hand are analytically explained as derivatives of ordinary words.

The intention is, to that easy to make the language on the one hand who knows the international vocabulary ( Europeans, Americans ), and on the other hand to that of repatriation on a few root words also, which does not recognize the international vocabulary.

History

In February, published in 1922 by Edgar choice the first issue of the magazine " Kosmoglott ", which he wrote at Occidental, and a little later the key containing the grammar and all the rules of word formation. This was followed just such a key in French, English and Russian.

Appeared in 1928, the first major dictionary German - Occidental by Joseph fermentation. It offers the first 31 pages and an outline of the grammar. In 1927, the " Kosmoglott " renamed " Cosmoglotta " and the editors went to the same society in Austria ( near Vienna wall ).

The heyday of the language was in the 1920s and 1930s. By Dictatorships and the Second World War were all planned languages ​​, including Occidental, very weak. In Germany in 1936, all plan language organizations were dissolved. Occidental was able to ' hibernate ' " tireless and self-sacrificing work for the dissemination and preservation " in a sense at this time in Switzerland under. Relevant part of this was included Prof. R. Berger, Fred Lagnel and Dr. Haas.

1949 Occidental was renamed Interlingue. It probably two main motives were involved: First, you probably wanted to avoid, supposedly the western block to belong in conflict with the name ' Occidental ' (NATO ) block. Second, they wanted to be that of the International Auxiliary Language Association ( IALA ) elaborated project, the Occidental very similar and whose name Interlingua was already planned approach.

1951, the IALA published their project Interlingua, which is essentially based on the choice of principles drawn up by Edgar. Interlingua is somewhat less simplified, less schematic and thus somewhat more irregular than Interlingue.

Speaker shaft

Released in 1999 by the Union Interlingue Adressarium had 29 names from 16 countries, with Supplement. According to the chairman of the Interlingue Union, the organization had 46 members in early 2009.

Otto Back estimates the number of Occidental sympathizers to about 200 of the activists on only a handful. He also points to a striking feature in contrast to the speaker communities of Esperanto, Ido or Interlingua: the almost complete lack of international meetings, which he describes as " an instrument of language testing and emotional cohesion ". The supporters was also the technical discussion important than the spread of the language by teaching.

Grammatical Overview

The noun has two forms: singular and plural. The plural form is obtained from the singular by appending - s formed (s): car - cars, strada - Strada, cité - cité (e) s, nation - nation (s) s

The adjective is not inflected: rapid, grand, verd, old. It can optionally receive the ending -i: rapidi, grandiflora, verdi, alti. Comparative with plu, superlative with max: plu grand, grand max. To derive adverbs from adjectives, the suffix- men is appended to the root: rapidmen.

The verb has four forms:

In Occidental there are three basic periods: present, past, future. Form 2 is the finite form. If the verb is not determined by the auxiliary verbs var ( future) or copper ( past), present is assumed: Yo ama - I Love; yo va amar - I will love; yo fe amar - I loved.

The construction fer Form 1 is outdated. Instead, often the auxiliary verb har Form 4 is needed. Har is partly also omitted altogether: Yo ha amat; yo amat.

When the pronoun there is a distinction between subject and object forms forms ( cf. English: I - me; French: each - me). The personal pronouns are: Singular: yo - me, tu - te, il - le, illa - la, it - it; Plural: noi - nos, vu - vos, illi - les. The interrogative pronouns qui (who) has the ( English see: who - splat ) optional object shape comfortably.

In the sentence, the order subject-verb - object is common, but the object can also be prefixed.

The word education is done by word composition or derivation by affixes.