Oflag IV-A

The concentration camp Hohenstein (KZ Hohenstein ) was a so-called "early concentration camp " in Hohenstein in Saxon Switzerland from March 1933 to August 1934. Between 1939 and 1940, was used as a prison officer Oflag IV -A.

History

On March 8, 1933 SA men occupied the storm 5/100 youth Burg Hohenstein and they worked to a concentration camp. From the 14th March, the first prisoners arrived at the camp. In the detainees there were mostly Nazi opponents - mostly Communists, Social Democrats, trade unionists - and other National Socialism undesirables from the Dresden area. But there were imprisoned in the castle and about 400 youths.

Until August 1934 about 5,600 people were deported to Hohenstein. The surveillance was carried out by members of the Pirnaer SA- storm 177 The prisoners were in the quarry Heeselicht used ( Stolpen ) to severe forced labor. Here, several prisoners died as a result of torture by SA members, some took their own lives. As of June 30, 1934 took members of the SS under the leadership of SS - Hauptsturmführer Karl Otto Koch guarding. In the construction of the nearby ring Germany, one of the first racetracks of Germany, prisoners were forced to further expand the serpentines on the Wartenberg road.

The camp was disbanded on 25 August 1934. Many of the prisoners were transferred to the Sachsenhausen Concentration Camp Castle.

On 1 October 1939, the prison was reopened as an officer Oflag IV -A. Until the end of 1940 here Polish, French and Dutch officers were imprisoned. Known prisoners were other Juliusz Rommel, Tadeusz Kutrzeba and Henryk Sucharski.

Processes

1935 took individual prosecutors and judges their law enforcement duties true nor 1935 were the SA- guards in court and were on May 15, 1935 sentenced in Dresden for " Community bodily harm " due to " injury in office in coincidence with their acquiescence ," it came from. to some 6 -year prison terms. However, Hitler pardoned them then personally.

After the war, the so-called Hohnstein processes took place.

Known prisoners

  • Emerich Ambros (1896-1933), Hungarian - German anti-fascists in 1933 murdered in a concentration camp Hohenstein
  • Willy anchor (1885-1960), politician and resistance fighter, member of the SPD
  • Wolfgang Bergold (1913-1987), resistance fighters, Ambassador of the GDR in the Democratic Republic of Vietnam
  • Peter Blach Stone (1911-1977), politician ( SPD), Ambassador of the Federal Republic of Germany in Yugoslavia ( 1968-1969 )
  • Rudolf Brückner Fuhlrott (1908-1984), painter and sculptor
  • Ebersbach Herbert (1902-1984), painter
  • Karl Friedemann (1906-2000), resistance fighters and workers functionary, honorary citizen of Dresden
  • Eugen Fritsch (1884-1933), SPD politician, resistance fighter, murdered in 1933 in the concentration camp Hohenstein
  • Linus Hamann (1903-1985), a political leader in the KPD
  • Kurt Krjeńc (1907-1978), Sorbian communist and longtime chairman of the Domowina
  • Hermann Liebmann (1882-1935), politician ( SPD)
  • Reinhold Lochmann (1914-2008), a resistance fighter, member of the Young Communist League of Germany
  • Paul Rumpelt (1909-1961), member of the KPD, Head of the Ministry for State Security ( security prisons )
  • Prince Ernst Heinrich of Saxony (1896-1971), youngest son of the later Saxon King Friedrich August III.
  • Eva Schulze- Knabe (1907-1976), painter and graphic artist, member of the KPD
  • Fritz Schulze (1903-1942), painter and resistance fighter, member of the KPD
  • Georg Schwarz (1896-1945), Political Secretary of the Communist Party and resistance fighter
  • Rudolf stamp (1879-1936), pastor, died of the consequences of the 1934 suffered torture in concentration camps Hohenstein; Martyrs of the Protestant Church
  • Armin Walther (1896-1969), a resistance fighter, member of the SPD
  • Arthur Weineck (1900-1944), Dresdner workers functionary and resistance fighter
  • Arno Wendland (1906-1980), politician ( SPD)

Commemoration

  • In Hohnstein now houses a memorial that commemorates the concentration camp and documented it.
  • In Dresden was a road to Emerich named Ambros ( Emerich - Ambros -Ufer). At house number 50 is a commemorative plaque.
  • In Dresden commemorated by a memorial stele at the corner Pillnitzer Street / Court Street at the detention center Mathildenstraße, were taken from the prisoners of the concentration camp in Hohenstein.
  • In Pirna is a memorial plaque in 1984 at the old town of Pirna prison, the Fronfeste in the forge 8, to the persecution of political opponents of the system, who were deported from there to the concentration camp Hohenstein.
  • In Struppen (main road 32) is a memorial plaque to the 1933 murdered in a concentration camp Hohnstein communist opponents of Hitler Martin Hering.
  • In Weinbohla ( Dresdner Straße ), a plaque to Hellmut Türk, who was murdered in 1933 in Hohenstein concentration camp.
  • According to Rudolf stamp Rudolf- stamp - road is in Riesa- Gröba named and the present in the Trinity Christian School Riesa school center " Rudolf stamp ".
Communist Party of Germany Unfree labour Eva Schulze-Knabe Integrated Authority File
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