Okhotny Ryad (Moscow Metro)

Ochotny Ryad (Russian Охотный ряд, pronunciation? / I ) is a 15 meters below the surface scale underground station of the Moscow Metro on the "red" Sokolnicheskaya line. It was opened on May 15, 1935, and thus belongs to the first phase of construction of the Moscow Metro system.

Location and general description

The station is located directly in the historical center of Moscow. The name derives from the same street, under the Metro Station was created. The name of the existing at least since the 17th century road can be translated as " hunting line", which points to its former importance as a market for game meat, furs and animals living in about.

There from the road several input ranges: From the western end of the platform leads out via a escalator shaft in a broad pedestrian underpass, the direct outputs for Tverskaya Street and the building of the Russian State Duma on Ochotny Ryad one hand, and the Manege Square, Alexander Gardens and the Historical Museum on the other hand having. The eastern exit leads into a station with the Teatralnaja the "green" line of common inputs and Ausgangsvestibül, located in the immediate vicinity of the building of the Bolshoi Theatre. From Ochotny Ryad metro station to station Teatralnaja you can also access via a connecting tunnel that leads into the one provided with access escalators in the center of the concourse. Moreover, there is a possibility to switch station Ploshchad Revolyutsii the " dark blue " line, but only on the station Teatralnaja.

Due to its central location the station Ochotny Ryad is also among the most commonly used by tourists Moscow subway stations - among others are the main Moscow sights, the Red Square and the Kremlin, only a few minutes walk from the West Exit walk on Manege Square.

History and renaming

The station was opened on 15 May 1935, and formed, along with twelve other stations the first stage of the Moscow Metro. Originally Ochotny Ryad was part of the first line from Sokolniki to Park Kultury, which was extended later than Sokolnicheskaya line in both directions. By 1953, also trains from Sokolniki drove over Alexandrovski Sad to Kievskaya here, this branch was temporarily shut down after the opening of the first leg of the " dark blue " line and from 1958 operated as a stand-alone " light blue " Filjowskaja line.

At its opening, the station had only a single output, namely the eastern vestibule, which also served as a transition to the station Teatralnaja from 1938. 1944, a transitional tunnel was put into operation between the two stations, the 1974 amplified by a second tube. The western output and the associated pedestrian underpass were built in 1959.

A special feature of the subway station Ochotny Ryad is the fact that it was renamed in the course of its history four times: 1955 in Imeni Kaganowitscha (in honor of the statesman, Stalin companions and the first Chief of the Metrobau authority Lazar Kaganovich ), two years later in Ochotny Ryad ( as a result of Entstalinisierungskampagne and impeachment Kaganovich ), 1961 in Prospect Marksa (due to the renaming of the street Ochotny Ryad in the prospectus Marksa, literally " Marx Prospectus") and in 1990 finally back in Ochotny Ryad.

Architecture

The architectural design of the station is from a builder group to Yuri Alexandrovich Rewkowski. It is worth noting the platform hall, which, though less ostentatious acts as about the resulting beginning of the 1950s " palaces for the people " on the ring line, but in comparison to other stations of the first phase has distinctive shape. The hall has a typical for the Moscow Metro middle platform construction with two rows pylon separating the two platform edges from the central part of the hall. The vault of the central portion is arcuate with a held in the form of square niches profile and hanging thereon spherical lights. The acting as a double construction pylons, between which arcade -like passages lead to the platforms are covered with white and gray-blue marble slabs, some of which date from the substance of the 1931 blown- Christ the Savior Cathedral. The checkerboard floor is made of gray granite and black Gabbroplatten. The walls above the tracks were initially covered with plain white yellow ceramic tiles, which in 2008 also replaced by marble.

Historically significant is also adjacent to the Bolshoi Theatre eastern entrance and exit of the station: The vestibule was installed when it was built into an existing multi-storey building from the 19th century, which stands to this day. The design for this first entrance vestibule comes from renowned early Soviet architect Dmitry Chechulin.

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