Olešná (Rakovník District)

Olešná ( German Woleschna ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic. It is located four kilometers north-west of Rakovníka and belongs to Okres Rakovník.

Geography

Olešná located in the Rakovnická kotlina ( Rakonitzer boiler) in Rakonitzer hills. The village is located in the shallow valley of the brook Olešná, the pond in the Municipal fishpond on the western edge and is dammed east rybnik below the village in the pond Olešenský. Southwest raises the Blatina (407 m) and in the northwest of Strže (404 m). The station Olešná u Rakovníka the railway line Krupá - Kolešovice is two and a half kilometers north of the village in the forest.

Neighboring towns are Nový Dvůr Nesuchyně and Mutějovice in the north, Krupá, Podhůrka and Lišany in the northeast, Rozvodna, Lužná II, Čistý Rybnik, Cerveny Mlyn, Hlavačov and Lužná in the east, Na Cikánce, Na Kokrdech, Rakovníka and Bendovka the southeast, Zákonův Mlýn, Samota - Senomaty, Lubná and Hostokryje in the south, and Senomaty Nouzov the southwest, Přílepský Mlýn, Přílepy and Kolešovice in the west and Kněževes and Chrášťany in the northwest.

History

The first written mention of Olešná took place on 7 May 1353, when King Charles IV that pertains to the Pürglitzer Lehendorf together with Krupá, Bratronice Žilina and the Mansionaren the Church of Sts. Veit left at the Prague Castle. After the establishment of books since 1384, a priest proven. Later, the parish went out and the church in Mr. village was assigned as a branch. During the Hussite Wars Olešná fell again to the Bohemian crown. In 1478 King Vladislav II Jagiello gave the estate to his courtier of Georg Ebersdorf, who later became George Birka of Nassidl ( Birka z Násidle ) called himself and was in 1490 appointed Pürglitzer captain of the castle. In 1507 this was to create a courtyard with festivals in Woleschna, took his seat there and lay the predicate of Woleschna to. 1510 the estate was inherited by his sons. In 1520 the brewery was born. They sold Woleschna 1530 the knight John of Slowitz (Jan Šlovský ze Slovic ), which then was called by Woleschna and died in 1573. As of 1550, the existing of the Allodialgütern Woleschna and Pawlcin as well as the feud Prilep rule Woleschna John of Slowitz and his son George, from 1574 belonged jointly to the brothers Georg and Christoph von Slowitz that still the feud Kroschau acquired added. They were followed by Adam Slowitz which overwrote the rule in 1616, born of his wife Katharina Rosina Rensperger of Rensperg. A little later, Christoph Jaroslaw Kolowrat Krakowsky acquired the rule. Prior to the Battle of White Mountain in 1620 when it came to Woleschna battles. The Lords of Kolowrat held the rule to 1671st Subsequently, the owners changed often. From 1672 to 1678 belonged Woleschna Ludmilla Maria Zeller by Rosenthal, from 1690 to 1699 the Earl of Kaiserstein. In 1700 acquired Peter Ernst von Mollart power through marriage to Marie Ludmilla of Kaiserstein. Later, Peter Ernst and Johann Nepomuk had Mollart of the rule together. From 1734 the latter was the sole owner, in 1741 was inherited by his sister Maria Anna Countess Meraviglia possession. In 1768, a parish was established in Woleschna again. 1776 Anna Maria inherited widower Johann Stephan Graf Meraviglia the rule Woleschna, three years later succeeded by his son Anton Graf Meraviglia - Crivelli. This left the government in 1808 his wife, Eleonora, born Countess of Traun. 1818 came into her son Anton Graf Meraviglia - Crivelli rule Woleschna; he sold in 1836 for 220,000 guilders and 500 ducats key money to Karl Egon II of Fürstenberg, the Woleschna his dominions united and goods Křivoklát, Kruschowitz, Nischburg, Wschetat, Skřiwan and Podmokl struck.

In 1843, the rule Woleschna included a total floor space of 4062 square fathoms yoke 106. The forests covering an area of ​​1485 square fathoms yoke 370 were managed by two forest districts, the Woleschner and Swojetiner area, from Princely Forestry Office. In the field of rule lived 2621 people; the population was tschechischsprachig, but the villages Wetzlau, Swojetin and Johannesthal were German. The rule of the Maier managed farms Woleschna, Neuhof, Kroschau and Pawltschin; to the farms Woleschna and Neuhof also included sheepfolds. To rule Woleschna the villages Woleschna, Neuhof, Kroschau, Prilep, Wetzlau included ( Veclov ) Swojetin and Johannesthal and the Grange Pawltschin ( Povlčín ). The village Woleschna located on the Old Karlsbaderstrasse consisted of 69 houses with 709 inhabitants. Under patronage obrigkeitlichem the parish church stood for hl. Martin. Moreover, there was in place an authoritarian Royal Castle, a school, a brewery, a spirit house, an estate with sheep, a forester's lodge and an inn. Woleschna was vicarage for Neuhof. Until the mid-19th century Woleschna was the office of the village connected to the rule Křivoklát landtäfligen Allodialgutes Woleschna.

After the abolition of patrimonial Olešná / Woleschna formed in 1850 a municipality in the district court and district Rakonitz. In the same year, the brewery was shut down and set up in their building a distillery. After the death of Karl Egon II of Fürstenberg inherited in 1854 the second son Max Egon I. Pürglitzer the goods. In 1918 the family sold the Fürstenberg castle and estate Olešná to the city Rakovníka. In 1932 lived in Olešná 674 people. The city Rakovníka sold during the global economic crisis, the castle and estate Olešná without the forests, 1934 to the Director General of Česká uhelná společnost sro Karel Galler.

Community structure

For the community Olešná no districts are reported.

Attractions

• Baroque Church of St. Martin, the 14th- century Gothic building in Baroque style in the 18th century. In the church are the tombs of the Knights of Slowitz. Next to the church is a brick bell tower.
• Castle Olešná, it was written for John of Slowitz from the 1507 -built baroque festivals and was remodeled under Maria Anna Countess Meraviglia 1750-1760. Johann Stephan Graf Meraviglia was put on the French Park. After purchasing the rule by the Prince of Fürstenberg, the castle lost in the middle of the 19th century its importance as a manor. The East Wing was used as a dwelling after the estate manager, the remaining part as Hopstore and accommodation for hop pickers. In 1948 the castle was nationalized and set up the machine and tractor station of Okres Rakovník. The ruined castle with the ruinous farmyard is now back in the possession of Galler 's heirs and is not accessible. Since February 2013, will be offered for 5 million crowns for sale.
• Baroque statue of St.. Josef southeast of the village, created in the first half of the 18th century
• Baroque statue of St.. John of Nepomuk at the church, created in the first half of the 18th century
• Baroque column with figure group Pieta
• Baroque statue of the Virgin Mary holding baby Jesus, northwest of Olešná
• Nature Reserve Cervena Louka, bog and marsh area east of Olešná on the lower reaches of the creek of the same name
• Nature Reserve Tankodrom, south of the village
• Remains of the castle Hlavačov, east of Olešná above the valley of the creek Lišanský