Orăștie
Orăştie (deprecated Oroşteiu; German or Brosz Broos, Hungarian Szászváros ) is a small town in the district of Hunedoara in Transylvania, Romania.
Geographical location
The small town Orăştie located in the south of the Transylvanian Basin, about 4 kilometers south of the river Mures ( Mures ), north of the Sureanu Mountains ( Muhlbacher mountains) in the so-called sub- forests. At the mouth of Sibişel in the Orăştie - a left tributary of the Mureş - European Route 68 and the railroad Arad - Alba Iulia, the city is located about 30 kilometers east of the district capital Deva ( Deva ) away.
History
The city was mentioned already in 1224 in the Golden Charter of the Hungarian King Andrew II, the basic document that gave the German immigrants ( Transylvanian Saxons ) their special legal status. The instrument is the place - still referred to in Latin as Waras - known as the westernmost point of the crown land. Orăştie is located on the western edge of Transylvania and administrative center as he was one of the historic seven chairs of crown land. Founded by Germans, was the place in the middle ages crafts center, especially the blacksmith and the furriers ' guild. Not far from the place where Unterbrodsdorf (now Sibot, Kr Alba ), took place on October 13, 1479 on the banks of the Mureş the battle took on the Brodfeld. Subsequently, the site was repeatedly ravaged and plundered by the Turks.
Since Broos was also a spiritually and culturally important place for the King on the floor free-living Romanians who were here in 1582, the Palia ( Palia de la Orăştie ) - the first Romanian translation of the Old Testament - Şerban Coresi printed. 1663 was Prince Michael Apafi a reformed school building; this was 1910, the school of the village.
In 1999, six fixed assets of the Dacians in the mountains Orăşties by UNESCO was declared a World Heritage Site.
Population
The population of Orăştie developed as follows:
The highest population and the largest number of ethnic Romanians since 1850 was determined in Orăştie 1992. The highest population of Germans ( 1,467 ) was registered in 1880 and the Roma ( 988 ) 2011. 1900 and 1910, to 80 or 78 inhabitants as Czechs. In almost every census Serbs ( highest population 17 in 1930 ), were Ukrainians ( highest population 10 in 1992) and Slovaks ( highest population 40 in 1930 ) registered.
Attractions
- The Castle of Orăştie, 1544 First mentioned in 1561 was conquered during the Ottoman period, renovated 1631. Today the ruins of the castle in the center of the city can be seen.
- The fortified church, built in the late 14th early 15th century, is a historical monument. From a wall enclosed the churches of the Protestant community are AB ( German proclamation language ) and the Reformed church ( Annunciation Hungarian language ) side by side.
- The Reformed Church - a former Romanesque basilica - built in the 14th century, was rebuilt in the 16th century in a Gothic. After the tower of the Church ( 1839) decay, this was in 1752 or 1840 to 1843 rebuilt ( according to different data). The Church has the largest choir of churches in Transylvania.
- 1820, Evangelical Reformed church next, from 1839 to 1842, the tower was built.
- The synagogue, built in the 18th century, is a historical monument.
- The ruin of 1810 destroyed by fire in Romanian Greek-Catholic Church, built in the 18th century, is a historical monument. 1935 built the Greek-Catholic parish, a new church, but had to leave them after prohibiting the exercise of their faith by the communist regime of Romania in the Orthodox community. End of 2000, the parish began again with a construction of a church, which was completed in 2008.
- The Roman Catholic Church Mănăstirea franciscana, built in the 13th century, was destroyed during the Turkish occupation and also by a fire built in the 18th century again, and is a listed building.
- The Orthodox Church Adormirea Maicii Domnului, built in the 17th century, is a historical monument.
- The Orthodox Cathedral Sf. Arhangheli Mihail şi Gavriil, with impressive frescoes, in the interwar period was erected (from 1936) and inaugurated on 2 September 1945.
- The museum of the city, established in 1952, redesigned in 1999, contains numerous archaeological finds in the region.
- In the center of the village the statue of Burebista, king of the Dacians.
Pictures
View of the city
The Evangelical and Reformed Church
The Orthodox Cathedral
The statue of Burebista
Personalities
- Nicolaus Olahus (1493-1568) - son of Stephan Olahus, the city judge of Broos - spent his childhood. The humanist wrote the historical- ethnographic work " Hungaria ".
- Albert Amlacher (1847-1939) was a Protestant theologian, historian and writer.
- András Szollosy (1921-2007), composer and musicologist
Twinning
To the official homepage of Orăştie: