Organisation of African Unity
Addis Ababa ( Ethiopia)
The Organization of African Unity (English: Organization of African Unity, OAU, French: Organisation de l' Unité Africaine, OUA) was an existing organization from 1963 to 2002 almost all African countries. It is the predecessor of the African Union.
Development of the OAU
The headquarters of the OAU was Addis Ababa in Ethiopia. The Charter of the Organization has been signed by 32 independent African states. The Presidency of the OAU were each taken over by the head of state of member countries for a year. The President was elected by the General Assembly of the OAU, which was attended by the Heads of State of the Member States.
The OAU was established on 25 May 1963 in Addis Ababa from 30 African States (predecessor organization was the Casablanca group). The joint positions of the founding states you took in a document, the OAU Charter (English OAU Charter ) together.
At the 28th session of the OAU government representatives from June 28 to July 2, 1992 in Dakar African governments present approved a new approach to conflict prevention and regulation on the continent and tasked the Secretary General of the Association with the elaboration of specific rules for conflict prevention. For the first time should therefore also address internal conflicts of individual African states. Under the new principles of conflict management should be primarily driven by the OAU and only at considerably extended conflicts with funds from the UN.
At the 30th meeting of its OAU government representatives from 13 to 15 June 1994 in Tunis you drew as a result of the end of the apartheid era in South Africa hopes that the organization can now develop a growing effectiveness on the African continent. South Africa takes first time at a OAU meeting and was the 53rd member. The country continued in this way actively in favor of a contract for a nuclear-free zone in Africa (Treaty of Pelindaba ) a.
The Constitutive Act of the African Union on 8 September 2000, the end of the OAU was officially sealed. The Sirte Declaration of the OAU on 9 September 1999 pointed this way. It said: ". Establish an African Union in conformity with the ultimate objectives of the Charter of our Continental Organization and the Treaty of commission of the Establishing the African Economic Community " ( German as: establishment of an African Union in conjunction with the objectives of the Charter our continental organization and the provisions of the Treaty establishing the African Economic Community. ). The Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi had been invited to this fourth special summit to improve the efficiency of the organization.
On 11 July 2001, the last summit of the organization took place with representatives of the African Economic Community ( AEC) held in Lusaka, on the action plan for the establishment of the African Union was adopted. On 9 July 2002 ended the work of the OAU. The African Union adopted on the following day to their regular activities. , All 53 African countries represented in the organization: Last were out of Morocco, which leaked from the OAU in 1985 to protest against the inclusion of Western Sahara ( Western Sahara conflict see).
The aim of the organization was to promote the unity and solidarity of the African states and act as a unified voice of the continent. It should extinguish colonialism in Africa and promote independence.
Although the OAU was often referred to as a bureaucratic speech event with little power, praised the UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan. For bringing the Africans Nevertheless, the OAU has been able to do little to protect the rights and freedom of the inhabitants of the continent against their political leaders in the 39 years of its existence.
Breakdowns of the OAU
The following sub- organizations of the OAU were absent:
- African Accounting Council,
- African Bureau for Educational Sciences,
- African Civil Aviation Commission,
- Pan - African News Agency,
- Pan - African Postal Union,
- Pan - African Railways Union,
- Pan - African Telecommunications Union,
- Supreme Council for Sports in Africa.
Secretaries General
Chairman
The President of the Organization of African Unity (OAU ) was the president of the organization for one year.