Otwock
Otwock [ ɔtfɔtsk ] is a town in Poland, in the Masovian Voivodeship.
- 2.1 Population development
- 3.1 Coat of Arms
- 4.1 Sons and daughters of the town
- 5.1 External links
- 5.2 footnotes
Geography
Geographical Location
The town lies on the River Świder far from the capital of Poland, Warsaw.
History
The first mention of a product at the site of the present Otwock can be found in the 19th century. In 1887 it was connected to the railway network along the Vistula. Also the actual growth of the city in this period began. 1893, the first sanatorium for tuberculosis patients, the resort was built. The late 19th and early 20th century there were in the city 600 villas with approximately 2,000 inhabitants. The place was an important reference point primarily as a recreation center. The city was chartered the place on 9 November 1916, and Witold Kasperowicz was the first mayor. From this period also the first crest. In 1917 there were in the place 22 B & Bs and 3 sanatoriums. The official recognition of the place as a health resort received the city until 1923. The city developed between the two world wars very well, there arose a stadium, a casino, schools, etc. The number of inhabitants in 1938 was about 20,000, which was the spa guests twice as high. In 1939, 75 % of the population of Otwock Jewish. With the occupation of the city by the German Wehrmacht began the deportation of Jews to Treblinka. At the same time found underground activities of the Poles held against the Germans. On 31 July 1944, the Red Army Otwock, which had lost about half of its inhabitants reached. Until 1952 the town was part of the powiat of Warsaw, after its dissolution it was until 1975 even county town of Powiats. On 14 June 1958, the first nuclear reactor Poland, Ewa research reactor was put into operation near the town, which mainly was an experimental reactor. In December 1974, the Maria Research Reactor followed, named after Marie Curie. In 1995, the Ewa reactor was decommissioned and Mary is now the only nuclear reactor in operation in Poland.
From 1975 to 1998, the village belonged to the Province of Warsaw.
In 1999, the city was county town again. Since 1992, the city is in partnership with Lenne city.
Population Development
Policy
Coat of arms
The first coat of arms of the town dates of August 7, 1916. The center of the coat of arms was a blue shield with a golden chalice from which a pine grows. On both sides of the pitcher snakes crawled out of it. The shield hovering over two pine branches, and two more were on the left and right of the shield. Is crowned the guilt of a wall with three towers. On the middle tower sits a white eagle, on the two outer white- red flag of Poland. This coat of arms was until 1927 an official coat of arms of the town.
The current coat of arms dates from August 2, 1926, the confirmation of the voivode was made on 16 May 1927. The coat of arms consists of a shield divided. The right side has a red background on which half of the eagle of the Polish national coat of arms can be seen. The left side shows a golden snake that looks up from a vessel.
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the town
- Irena Sendler (1910-2008), Polish nurse, " Righteous Among the Nations "
- Anna Grodzka (* 1954), as Polish society activist and politician
- Urszula Kielan ( born 1960 ), Polish high jumper
- Paweł Wypych (1968-2010), Polish politician and victims of the plane crash near Smolensk