Pancasila (politics)

Pancasila ( old spelling: Pantja -sila ) means " five principles " (Sanskrit ). These are the five principles of national ideology and Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, where an identity-forming and homogenizing effect is intended for in the multi-ethnic state.

The Pancasila - State basis of the Republic of Indonesia

The Pancasila was first raised by the later first president Sukarno in his speech on June 1, 1945, the inquiry committee to prepare for the independence of Indonesia ( BPUPKI ). He wanted to confront with the five principles of the intention of many members of the BPUPKI to make Indonesia an Islamic state. Sukarno was concerned in this case, the secession of Indonesian regions with non- majority Islamic populations, such as Bali. The Committee had been convened by the Japanese occupying power, to design of the leaders of the independence movement, the potential for the belief to be founded Republic of Indonesia. The five principles with which Sukarno resorted to arguments of the previous speakers Yamin and Supomo, denominated in the original order:

The last principle of " All-One Divine rule " is a neologism and provides a predicative use ( ke-. ..- on ) of the noun "Lord" ( Tuhan ) represents what the recognition of the All-One Divine rule raises the principle ( definition: MJ Schindehütte ). This term describes a kind of civil religion which, in the predominantly Muslim Indonesia, every citizen of one of the five major world religions must belong to (Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Hinduism, Confucianism ); Beliefs that have no written tradition, or religious ideas are not accepted.

At the insistence of Muslims - the most numerous group within the committee - the order of the principles, however, was amended by the so-called Jakarta Charter Piagam Jakarta on 22 June 1945 and strengthened the role of religion by the fifth principle originally moved first. The ongoing demand of the Muslims to commit the observance of Sharia for their followers was indeed provided in the Jakarta Charter, was not included in the Constitution. On August 17, 1945, the Republic of Indonesia declared its independence on the basis of Pancasila, which was included in the preamble to the Constitution:

The state emblem of the Republic of Indonesia shows the five symbols of the Pancasila before the mythical Garuda eagle:

Since the dictatorship of Sukarno and Suharto Pancasila has lost its " liberal dynamics." On the formulation based religions are who know neither an omnipotent God, do not have to have a holy scripture, discriminated against; including especially the numerous ethnic religions of Irian Jaya, Kalimantan includes amongst others: