Panel painting

When panel is referred to in the visual arts, the pictorial representation on a flat, solid material such as wood, clay, metal, ivory. It differs with where it is wall paneling and colored wood ceiling, from the wall painting, working directly on a mineral base in the.

Otherwise, one speaks also in the painting of wood and other furniture in general of panel painting, both when it comes to decorating is ( decorative painting ), as well as if it was intended as independent works of art elements, such as the altar-piece, or as a picture on a painting board ( the panel in the proper sense, image ' on Wood " ): This is the name and pictorial representation on the sheet ( the central surface element ) any caulked or filled working a panel painting, even when the panel door as part of the house and also the furnishing, and the coffered ceiling, and similar decorative delightful placements.

Not of panel painting speaks man - although the techniques are quite related - in the form ( painting), about three-dimensional objects such as sculptures and moldings: The flat, planar base image is of the essence of painting on canvas. Even the Large part of the character, in small-scale painting on solid materials we speak of miniature painting.

History

The panel painting of classical antiquity began with the Greek Pinakes in the 8th to 6th century BC, and sat down in the 5th century in the Byzantine icons continued.

In Western art, especially the development of the altarpiece favored the development of easel painting. Their task was initially solely the representation of religious subjects in the altarpiece.

During the 14th century north of the Alps continued to develop, especially the panel painting as autonomous, remained in Italy, initially the mural synonymous. Since the Renaissance was a panel painting, which is independent of the altarpiece, the more predominant subject. However, it was soon largely replaced by canvas painting: The painting board are set while the screen also allows monumental images to the size limit of the Malgrunds, with progression of the technique of surface-forming wood joints, limits. On the wall, the wall painting was (especially in the technique of fresco, as well as a technically simpler Secco ) always as durable - as well as the application of the canvas on the wall, the wallpaper, began to supplant the wooden paneling of the interior. Only in the furniture decoration, the panel painting has received as indispensable to the 20th century, as well as in special subjects, the Orthodox icon.

The painting surface in panel painting is usually provided with a primer or underpainting. On rougher surfaces and in particular wood -working a gesso is applied. As a Technique used mainly tempera painting and oil painting, in recent years acrylics.

In many panel paintings on the back with a so-called tiling are ( a grid-like manner mounted stabilization of wooden slats ), which make the wood of the table "work" and to prevent possible cracks.