Pellegrina
A cape ( cape or even Pelarine, of French pèlerine " pilgrim " ) is originally a short shoulder cape, only the shoulders and upper arms covered. They can be attached to a jacket be worn ( in the frock coats and coachman, for example ) or as a standalone garment.
Your archetype is the popular in the Alpine countries "Weather spot" (or puke ) Loden or similar material - which, however, absorbs rainwater. A cape repels the water.
Today is known mostly a wide, sleeveless raincoat as a cape. Such garment has the advantage that it can be folded small and adaptable to different situations. Therefore, the cape is quite popular with climbers. It is also known as a rain cape and is usually made of durable synthetic material such as PVC. Often it green or gray is the preferred color.