Pellonulinae

Lake Tanganyika sardine ( Limnothrissa miodon )

The Pellonulinae are a subfamily of herrings ( Clupeidae ). Distribution area of the subfamily with over half of the species is West Africa. More live in southern and eastern Africa ( Tanganyika ), in India, Southeast Asia and Australia. In the New World they are missing today, but were originally represented by the extinct genus Knightia, one of the most abundant fish fossils from the eozänischen Green River Formation in North America.

Features

Pellonulinae species are relatively small pegs. Some species can grow up to 20 cm long, the average length lies between 5 and 10 cm. Some dwarf types only reach body lengths of 1,8 to 2 cm. Most species are scaly. The mouth is terminal, for some species, stands in front of the lower jaw. The teeth are small and conical in general. The dorsal fin is above the center of the body, the anal fin is short and is always located behind the last dorsal fin ray.

Various West African species (eg Sierrathrissa leonensis ) have various stages of reduction of scalation, Branchiostegalstrahlen, the second, trailing Supramaxillare ( upper jaw bone ) and the size.

  • Fins formula: Dorsal 12-18, 16-27 anal fin, Ventral (6 ) -7.
  • Branchiostegalstrahlen: (2-4 ) or the 6-7.

Way of life

Pellonulinae species usually live in freshwater, some in brackish water or salt water of bays and lagoons.

Genera and species

  • Clupeichthys Clupeichthys aesarnensis Wongratana, 1983
  • Clupeichthys bleekeri Hardenberg, 1936
  • Clupeichthys goniognathus Bleeker, 1855
  • Clupeichthys perakensis Herre, 1936
  • Clupeoides borneensis Bleeker, 1851
  • Clupeoides hypselosoma Bleeker, 1866
  • Ramsay & Ogilby Clupeoides papuensis, 1886
  • Clupeoides venulosus Weber & de Beaufort, 1912
  • Congothrissa gossei Poll, 1964
  • Corica laciniata Fowler, 1935
  • Corica Soborna Hamilton, 1822
  • Ehirava fluviatilis Deraniyagala, 1929
  • Hyperlophus translucidus McCulloch, 1917
  • Hyperlophus vittatus Castelnau, 1875
  • Laeviscutella dekimpei Poll, Whitehead & Hopson, 1965
  • Lake Tanganyika sardine ( Limnothrissa miodon ) Boulenger, 1906
  • Microthrissa congica Regan, 1917
  • Microthrissa minuta Poll, 1974
  • Microthrissa moeruensis Poll, 1948
  • Microthrissa royauxi Boulenger, 1902
  • Microthrissa whiteheadi Gourène & Teugels, 1988
  • Nannothrissa parva Regan, 1917
  • Nannothrissa stewarti Poll & Roberts, 1976
  • Odaxothrissa ansorgii Boulenger, 1910
  • Odaxothrissa losera Boulenger, 1899
  • Odaxothrissa mento Regan, 1917
  • Odaxothrissa vittata Regan, 1917
  • Pellonula leonensis Boulenger, 1916
  • Pellonula vorax Günther, 1868
  • Poecilothrissa centralis Poll, 1974
  • Potamalosa richmondia Macleay, 1879
  • Potamothrissa acutirostris Boulenger, 1899
  • Potamothrissa obtusirostris Boulenger, 1909
  • Potamothrissa whiteheadi Poll, 1974
  • Sierrathrissa leonensis Thys van den Audenaerde, 1969
  • Spratellomorpha bianalis ( Bertin, 1940)
  • Stolothrissa tanganicae Regan, 1917
  • Thrattidion noctivagus Roberts, 1972

Use

The two species occurring in Lake Tanganyika Limnothrissa miodon and Stolothrissa tanganicae there are of great economic importance to fisheries.

Taxonomic rank#All ranks Green-River-Formation Fish fin Joseph S. Nelson Integrated Taxonomic Information System
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