Pelym River

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Location of Pelym ( Пелым ) in the northern basin of the Tobol

The Pelym (Russian Пелым; well Bolshoi Pelym, ie " Big Pelym ") is a 707 km long left tributary of the Tavda the Western Siberian Lowlands in Russia.

Course

The Pelym rises to about 140 meters above sea level, some 75 km north of the city on the eastern edge of the Northern Urals Ivdel and flows first to a few tens of kilometers to the north before turning just before the border to the autonomous district of the Khanty-Mansi abruptly to the east and soon turns to the southeast. Next it flows in a south-easterly to south, always on the territory of Sverdlovsk Oblast, the marshy and lake-rich taiga landscape in the west of the West Siberian Plain. Here, the river meanders strongly vast sections. About 50 km as the crow front of the mouth flows through the Pelym the approximately 65 -acre lake Pelymski Tuman. The Lake entfließen two branches, the left and right of the actual Pelym Small Pelym ( Maly Pelym ), several kilometers to over 20 km apart. After the reunification of the arms of the river finally flows slightly below the village named after him Pelym in 54 m height in the Tavda, a large tributary of the Tobol.

Larger tributaries does not have the Pelym; the most important are the Bolshoi Ous (Great Ous ) from the right and Talym and Kondinka from the left.

Hydrographic

The catchment area of ​​15,200 km ² comprises Pelym. In estuaries near the river reaches a width of about 150 m at a depth of about 3.5 m; the flow rate is in this case 0.3 m / s

The Pelym freezes October to April. The water flow in estuary near is the annual average about 100 m³ / s, on the middle reaches 412 km above the mouth nor 26,90 m³ / s. At a minimum of 2.0 m³ / s in March and a maximum of 121 m³ / s in May

Infrastructure and economy

The river is navigable for 185 km from the village situated above the Pelymski Tuman Schantalskaja; earlier he was traveled to 245 miles from the now uninhabited settlement Portach.

The -carrying area is inhabited total of only thin. In particular, the less swampy area on the upper reaches is used for forestry. The upper-middle reaches of the river in the city circle Ivdel belonging urban-type settlement Pelym crosses since the late 1960s a railway line that connects Ivdel about cities Yugorsk, Sovetsky and Nyagan with Priobje on the Ob. In this area also cross several oil and gas pipelines from the production areas of Western Siberia to Europe the river. In the settlement Pelym is also a major prison camp, on the Andrzej Klamt and Ulrich Rydzewski 1998 multi-award winning documentary Pelym turned.

The situated near the mouth of a river loop between Pelym and Tavda, also called Pelym village is one of the oldest Russian settlements beyond the Urals. Founded in 1592, it was the oldest route of land and river route to Siberia. With the establishment of trade routes extending further south - initially by Verkhoturye, later Yekaterinburg ( " Siberian tract " ) - lost it in the early 17th century its meaning. In the 18th century it again made it as a place of exile for disgraced confidant of the Tsar's court talked about, for example, Ernst Johann von Biron and Burkhard Christoph von Munnich.

Paved roads are in the area only a few. For purposes of forestry emerged from the 1940s hundreds of kilometers of narrow-gauge railways, which until today (2009 ) are partly in operation. These include the area of ​​the headwaters of two Chorpija and Noschipitschny there at the parallel flowing Loswa outbound routes that cross the Pelym the village Werchni Pelym or at Garewka. An underflow is a trail of Puksinka, a few kilometers above the Pelym estuary on the left Tavda Shore, originally more than 80 km parallel to the river to the north.