Pentostatin

• (8R)-3-[(2R,4S,5R)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-7,8-dihydro-4H-imidazo[4,5-d][1,3]diazepin-8-ol (IUPAC)
• Co - Vidarabine
• Desoxyformycin
• Pentostatine

L01XX08

Colorless odorless solid

220-225 ° C

5.2

• Freely soluble in water
• Soluble in methanol and DMSO

Attention

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Pentostatin ( Nipent ) is an antineoplastic agent and an analog of hypoxanthine. It inhibits the in lymphoid tissues with high activity present enzyme adenosine deaminase, an enzyme of purine metabolism. This RNA synthesis and inhibition induced DNA damage. It is obtained biotechnologically from Streptomyces species.

Areas of application

Pentostatin is given as monotherapy in case of hairy cell leukemia. In a clinical study in patients with refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia ( CLL) pentostatin was combined with fludarabine. Due to serious side effects this combination is not recommended. A combination with vidarabine increases its effect. Due to an increase in the side effects of therapeutic benefit here is not secured. A combination of pentostatin with cyclophosphamide is also not recommended because of serious side effects.

Dosage

Pentostatin is recommended for the treatment of hairy cell leukemia with a dose of 4 mg / m² in 14 - day intervals.

Side effects

Pentostatin acts lymphocytotoxic and inhibits, in particular by the suppression of CD4 lymphocytes, the immune system. In addition to myelosuppression occur frequently leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. In addition, often the usual in the use of cytotoxic drugs side effects observed, such as fever, fatigue, infection, pain, and nausea.