People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan

The People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan ( PDPA ), was a significant up as national democratic party communist embossing that during the invasion and occupation of Afghanistan by the Soviet Union, especially before and been active. She was the Unity Party of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan.

History

Prior to the takeover

The party was founded on 1 January 1965 with the significant contribution of Babrak Karmal, who later became president, and Nur Muhammad Taraki of, a popular writer. The founding congress was held secretly in the house of Taraki in Kabul instead, who was elected by the 27 participants to the Secretary-General. Karmal was his deputy, also a Politburo with five members was formed. The party was banned in 1966 and split in 1967 into two, often hostile opposing wings, the Khalq and Parcham the Group, each of which had its own general secretaries and Politburo. While the more moderate socialist Parcham faction of politicians such as Mohammed Najibullah, Karmal and was characterized, first sat down, the more radical Khalq Leninist Group by under Taraki. After both fractions, partly at the urging of Moscow, in 1977 reunited the PDPA and was later a prominent politician Mir Akbar Khyber Left murdered (apparently at the instigation of the government ), urged the more radical forces in the party to a coup and on 28 April 1978, the PDPA came actually in the country to power and proclaimed the Democratic people's Republic of Afghanistan.

PDPA government

The PDPA tried to introduce comprehensive reforms in Afghanistan, for example, questions of educational policy, women's rights and modernization. They also had success. However, even within the PDPA came across the course of the now Prime Minister, who belonged to the Khalq faction, to criticism. This responded by excluded in July 1978 Parcham politicians from his government and leading inner-party opponents made ​​the process for high treason. Infamous also the communist secret police KAM, torture and ill-treatment had been accused. Given the increasing pressure, including by supporting the mujahideen by the Americans to Taraki decided on a call for help to the comrades in Moscow, who took it in 1979 as an occasion for a military intervention. These were made to stabilize the country in which the Mujahideen guerrilla warfare first waged against the PDPA government and later against the Soviet invaders, to the more moderate Karmal, she installed as president in Kabul; he was replaced in 1986 by Najibullah.

Fall

After the Soviet withdrawal in 1989, the position of the PDPA deteriorated in the country; In June 1990, she was due to growing resistance to its monopoly on power and named in " Fatherland Party " around and 1992 Najibullah was forced from office. Since then, the role of the communists in Afghanistan, which were through the cooperation with the Soviets as discredited, only marginal. They disappeared completely from the political stage with the arrival of the Taliban in Kabul, which made 1996 hang Najibullah publicly.