Phallus impudicus
Common Stinkhorn ( Phallus impudicus )
The Common Stinkhorn ( Phallus impudicus ) is a species of fungus in the family Stinkmorchelverwandten.
- 5.1 Literature
- 5.2 Notes and references
Features
The Stinkhorn forms as an initial stage, known as Hexenei spherical to broadly ovate tuber. The Hexenei is about 5-6 cm high and 5 cm wide, on its underside, there is a 1-2 mm thick Myzelstrang. From the Hexenei then grows about 20 cm long and 2-3 cm wide, white stalk out of the hat. The hollow, at the base and the tip somewhat tapered stem has a perforated structure. The hat is about 4.5 cm high and 2.5 cm wide and honeycomb structured on the hat itself is a full leaves, white disk. The gleba is olive green to black-green, slimy -liquid flows and an intense smell of carrion from. From the Stinkmorchel two forms are distinguished, their systematic rank is disputed, the actual Stinkhorn Phallus impudicus var impudicus and the European veil lady phallus impudicus var pseudoduplicatius, with a coarse, white veil, peeping several inches below the cap. This form was formerly held, for imported copies of American Art Phallus duplicatus, but is generally viewed as a variety of Commons Stinkmorchel.
Ecology
The Common Stinkhorn is a saprobiontischer residents humus-rich soils or near rotten wood. It occurs in spruce forests, beech and beech pine forests, oak-hornbeam forests, riparian forest and alder carr. In addition, it is also found in bushes and parks. The fruiting bodies appear in Central Europe from early summer to autumn. The spread of spores carried by flies and dung beetles are attracted by the smell and absorb the aasartigen Gleba.
Dissemination
The Common Stinkhorn occurs in Europe, in Asia, in the Canary Islands and in North and South Africa, in the Himalayas it grows to heights of 3000 m. In Europe, it can be found from the Mediterranean to Ireland, Scotland and Scandinavia.
Importance
Feed value
The unfolded Stinkmorchel is the unpleasant odor inedible, the Hexenei contrast edible. The latter smells and tastes like a radish and can be eaten raw or roasted after removal of the gelatinous envelope.
Origin of the name
Typical of this fungus is its intense, aasartiger smell, which is why it can be annoying when occurrence in gardens and parks. The German part of the name Morel takes on the similarity with the belonging to the Ascomycetes true morels respect to which, however, no relationship exists. Due to its form it received its scientific name phallus impudicus (German: " lewd penis ").
Superstition
Since the Stinkmorchel thrives not uncommon to grave hills, some weird stories emerged in popular belief to this fungus. Sprang on a grave one Stinkmorchel, it was believed that the dead man had died with an underlying unpunished crimes and wanted to warn with the help of this fungus from a similar fate. This sometimes occurring designation corpse fingers can be explained.