Philippe Basiron
Philippe Basiron (* 1450 in Bourges, ibid † shortly before 31 May 1491 also Baziron, Barizon, Philippon, Philippon de Bourges ) was a French composer, organist and clerics.
Biography
Philippe Basiron was born about 1450 in Bourges. Since October 1458 he and his brother were among Pierron to the 6 choristers of the Sainte -Chapelle in Bourges. This, built 1392-1405 for John I was part of the Ducal Palace. From October 1458 until March 31, 1459 was Messire Jehan Gaudier, aka Doucet, who is responsible for the maintenance and education of the Basirons.
In the financial year 1458/59 ( July 1, 1458 - June 30, 1459 ) was rampant a plague in Bourges, of the many clergymen were attacked; maybe Philippon, the chorister, the visited a doctor and cured of a serious infection of the leg.
As of June 24, 1462 Guillaume Faugues for 3 months Magister was puerorum in Bourges. This significant composer must have been of great influence on the musical development Basirons, although further details are unknown. After all, it is striking that at this time a Manicordium, a kind of clavichord, where you learned to play the organ, was expressly purchased for Basiron. That one already for a 12 - to 13 -year-old bought a Manicordium speaks to the exceptional talent of the child, which was apparently recognized and promoted by the authorities. The promising talent brought the chapter to be start working on the reconstruction of the organ again, which had been interrupted by the death of the organ builder.
1462/63 required Philippon again medical help. He was treated by Phillebert Guerin because of a debilitating illness that stemmed from a thorn prick.
Highlight of the year 1462 must have been in November of Johannes Ockeghem's visit. Certainly stayed Ockeghem not for the first time in Bourges, because his employer, the French King Charles VII resided 1451-1461 frequently in Bourges or the Chateau in Mehun -sur- Yèvre, which is 10 miles away from Bourges. That Ockeghem influence on Basiron has had to prove its sets of ockeghemschen Chanson D' ung Aultre amer.
In May 1464 Philippon was entrusted with the leadership of the choir boys and their disclosure: that He took over tasks of the magister puerorum, took the time being but this task unofficially true. Only from the April 1, 1466 he was rewarded for his work.
Approximately 1467 Philippon has left the maitrise for a short time. He picked cartridge and found it in the Cardinal of Angers and the Archbishop of Bourges, who were among the most powerful clerics in France. The Bishop of Angers, Jean de La Balue, personal chaplain and political adviser of Louis XI. The Archbishop of Bourges, Jean Coeur, son of the wealthy merchant Jacques Coeur, the argentier King Charles VII
At least since 1467 Basiron was vicar of the cathedral and was now regularly bread and wine and quarterly donations from the assigned chapter. 1467/68 he receives money for a chape, a long dress robes, probably on the occasion of his promotion, the symbolic entrance into adulthood.
On February 4, 1469 he was elected by the chapter to the head of the choir boys. Previously, he had been sent to Paris as treasurer of the Sainte -Chapelle of Bourges, who rarely stayed as the king's chancellor at the Paris Parlement in Bourges, asking for his approval for an election. Basiron even had the choice supported by the fact he had reminded by the chapter of the promise on 21 January 1469 to determine him to master puerorum. He explained that he had resigned in faith to the insurance his services when Cardinal of Angers, the Archbishop of Bourges and other gentlemen, of which he had been witnessed all the signs of favor. Would he not soon provided with the office, he could no longer fulfill his mother, siblings and other relatives the financial obligations. Thereupon decided the chapter, Philippon to entrust the Office and the Master puerorum, John Laloyer, dit Ambrois (or Ambois ), who incidentally have been at Saint -Martin de Tours before his appointment in Bourges Master puerorum, within one month a different to gain position. Laloyer but had turned on January 14, 1469 at the chapter and explains that he had heard rumors of the intention to dismiss him. For this, however, there was no reason. If you still wish to proceed, as he feared he would already protesting now and put his cause in the hands of Martin Bonin, the Vicar General of the Treasurer. The chapter calmed him down and assured that you can not think of it, to relieve him of his position. Nevertheless, the chapter decided a week later exactly this. On February 4, 1469, it gave birth Laloyer his duties and that ' for some reason that it - the chapter - would be forced to proceed so '.
Basiron remained until at least 1473 magister puerorum. This is remarkable when you consider that between March 1464 and July 1467 no less than five people had occupied the office.
The task of the magister puerorum it was not only to provide for the physical and moral welfare of the boys, but to teach them counterpoint and playing an instrument. Basiron had no easy task. The lower clergy were often no more than a bunch of pubescent adolescents. Basiron was no older than them. At regular intervals, the chapter testified against them to respect the statutes. Sainte -Chapelle was no citadel pious virtue. Repeats the young Clerikern her hair was suggested under the threat of losing their quarterly grade to moderate her singing to refrain from fighting among themselves, especially during the fair to take further distance from wearing red hats and shoes in the city, instead briefly keep, and to avoid especially concubines and women bad reputation these exhortations availed not always.
1471 Basiron was again involved in a dispute, which extends over a canonry and a Prebende at the Church of Saint- Outrille -du -Château, a Departance the Sainte -Chapelle, rose. Their treasurer had the right to grant the local prebends. Basiron brought on June 7, 1471 before that this canonry and this Prebende were contrary to the statutes of any other member of the Sainte -Chapelle, and requested that the appointment be reversed and the benefice will transfer himself. King Louis XI. personally turned in this matter which chapter to be brevet reached it on 14 June 1471. Papal bulls Citing had received favor Basirons Louis 's brother, Charles of France, the king declared that ' our beloved Philippe Basiron ' said benefice very well deserved, because he constantly and devotedly in our chapel - have served day and night since childhood and now the education of the choirboys supervise diligently - the Sainte -Chapelle. Several weeks passed, and the chapter did not move. Finally, the king ordered Basiron to pass the benefice or having to accept the confiscation of the assets of the chapter. On July 5, 1471 Basiron was given the prebend. It is amazing that the King began as a composer who has not belonged to his household. Basiron must have for any reason whatsoever had, significant political influence.
During the time of the dispute Basiron was already a student of law. He studied at the 1463 Louis XI. established at the request of Charles of Berry University of Bourges. Apparently, the study did not prevent Basiron to comply with its obligations as a maître des enfants.
On February 11, 1474 François Maugis took puerorum the office of Magister. Since the filing of the Sainte -Chapelle are not obtained from the period after 1474 is not known where Basiron has stopped after 1473. He probably went to Orléans where 1473-1481 an organist named Philippe Bourges is detectable. The compound of Bourges did not break off even at this time. End of the 1480s took over Basiron a Vicariate at the Church of Saint- Pierre -le- Guillard in Bourges, which was under the jurisdiction of the Sainte -Chapelle. This position Bairon supplied with a house and a garden in the still existing Rue des Arenes, about 2 blocks from the Sainte -Chapelle.
Shortly before the May 31, 1491 died Basiron in Bourges. On this day, to Charles VIII turned to the Sainte -Chapelle and recommended his brother, John Basiron, chaplain of the Sainte -Chapelle for the vacant vicarage Philippons. Basiron died as a Master of Law; apparently he was not a priest, he was referred to simply as clericus.
Philippon had two brothers. Pierre, about the same age Philippon was entered with this as a choirboy at the Sainte -Chapelle in 1469 and prior of the convent of Notre Dame de la comtale in Bourges. In 1498 he was entrusted with the correction of two harps. 1517 he took over a canonry, the Antoine de Longueval had held since March 5, 1510. He died 1529th
John Basiron 1475 was mentioned for the first time, but had been probably already given in 1468 in the custody of the magister puerorum. He was probably born about 1460. It was proposed in 1491 for his deceased brother the Vicariate. 1495, he was excommunicated for reasons unknown and deprived of his income from the Vicariate, which were, however, granted to him under the condition that he pay his mother 100 sous again. Two weeks later, in early September 1495, he died.
Works
Measuring
Basiron attributed to fair
Motets
Song
Appreciation
The fame Basirons spread already during his lifetime. Ercole I d' Este, Duke of Ferrara, asked in a letter dated March 24, 1484 to receive the new Missa L'homme armé Philippons. For some time after his death was remembered his. The poet - musician Eloy d' Amerval counted in his Livre de la déablerie 1508 Basiron to the 17 or 20 major musicians of the 15th century. Pierre Moulu celebrated it with other composers of the Ockeghem generation in his motet Mater floreat florescat. Guillaume Cretin mentioned him in his deploration to the death of Johannes Ockeghem. F. Gaffurius praised 1496 Philippon de Bourges for the correct notation of Sesquialtera.