Phyteuma spicatum
Spiked devil's claw ( Phyteuma spicatum )
The spiked devil's claw ( Phyteuma spicatum ), also called the White Devil's Claw, belongs to the genus of devil's claw ( Phyteuma ) in the family of the bellflower family ( Campanulaceae ).
Description
The herbaceous plants are 30 to 80 cm high. The lamina of basal leaves are often mottled dark kerbsägig with deep heart-shaped base, the edge. The hermaphrodite flowers are fünfzählig. The petals are have grown. The crown is greenish to yellowish white.
The flowering period is May to August.
Ecology
The spiked devil's claw is a Hemikryptophyt and a half rosette plant with fleshy thickened turnip. Your renewal buds are located on the tuberous root neck.
The inflorescences are walzliche pseudo-spikes. The flowers are from the "basket flower type", though in this case, the floral axis is extended. The flowers are vormännlich; the corolla tube tears with 5 longitudinal cracks from top to bottom. If only the tips of the petals are still connected, this press the anthers to the stylus brush, where the pollen is emptied. Only after complete separation of the petals unfold and the stigma lobes. Pollinators are bees, moths and beetles. Sometimes also takes place self-pollination. Bloom time is from May to August.
The fruits are 2- fächrige, at the top with two pore pore dehiscent capsules. The seeds are tiny, 1.0-1.4 mm long and 0.16 mg heavy. The plant is a wind - and animal Shaker, with the parched stylus serve as barbs. Fruit ripening from July to August. The seeds are light and cold to germinate. Germination is epigeal that is, cotyledons unfold above the ground.
Vegetative propagation is by root sprouts.
Use
The young leaves are eaten as wild greens ( "Forest spinach "). Similarly, the root beet are edible; hence the name Rapunzel.
Phyteuma × adulterinum
Occasionally one finds the hybrids of the aged men with the Black Devil's Claw Devil's Claw ( Phyteuma nigrum ) = ( Phyteuma × adulterinum Wallr. ) Characteristic of this intersection is the sky blue or blue- green crowded flowers. The shape of the ear varies from oval to elongated cylindrical. Apparently there are also stabilized hybrid swarms spicatum ssp in the literature as Phyteuma. occidentale ( Sky Blue Devil's claw ) are referred to. The hybrids often grows directly between the parent species and thus is easily identified.
P. × adulterinum with more egg-shaped ear
P. × adulterinum with extended ear
Young plant
Young ear of corn
Leaf from the top
Journal of below
Occurrence
The spiked devil's claw is found in fresh loam rich deciduous forests and tall herb communities. They reached the mountains the submontane to subalpine level ( about 2100 m). In Austria, it occurs in all federal states to moderately frequent. In Germany it is common and rare or absent only in the Northwest.