Picea asperata

Bristles spruce (Picea asperata )

The bristles spruce (Picea asperata ) is a species of the family (Pinaceae ). It is native to China.

Description

The bristles spruce grows as a evergreen tree that can reach the stature heights of up to 45 meters and diameter at breast height of up to 1 meter. The gray-brown Stammborke is furrowed and irregularly divided into large, rough plates. The hairy or hairless bark of the branches is initially brownish yellow or reddish brown and turns up in the second year towards brown or brownish gray.

The resinous winter buds are conical to conical - ovoid. The slightly curved, mostly blue-green needles are linearly formed at a length of 1 to 2 centimeters and a width of about 0.1 to 0.2 inches and have a square to diamond-shaped cross-section. Your tip is tapered and slightly pungent. On all sides of the needle, there are four to eight Stomatalinien.

The bristles spruce is monoecious - getrenntgeschlechtig ( monoecious ) and the flowering season extends from April to May The pins are oblong - elliptical shape with a length of 5-16 centimeters and a thickness of 2.5 to 3.5 centimeters to cylindrical. They are initially colored green and change color to mature in September or October through light brown to reddish brown. The seed scales rarely have zweigelappte tip, are obovate and are about 2 inches long and 1.5 inches wide. Their margins are entire or toothed. The elliptical seeds are about 4 millimeters long and have an elongated, inverted egg-shaped wings, which is about 11 millimeters long.

Distribution and location

The natural range of the bristles spruce located in China. It includes where the eastern and southern Gansu, north Ningxias, Qinghai, Shaanxi, and southwestern Sichuan. In Qinghai one finds the way to the northeast of Qinghai Lake in Ningxia and it occurs in the Helan Mountains. Whether the species occurs in southeastern Xizang is considered questionable.

The bristles spruce grows at altitudes 2400-3600 meters. The species grows mainly in the mountains and along river valleys.

Picea asperata is classified as " not at risk " in the IUCN Red List. It is noted, however, that a re-examination of risk is necessary.

Use

The wood of the bristles spruce is used as construction wood for the manufacture of furniture, aircraft, railway sleepers and for the production of wood fiber. From the needles, twigs and roots are aromatic oils, and from the tribe of resin is obtained.

System

Picea asperata is within the genre of spruce (Picea ) the subgenus Picea, Picea section, the subsection Picea and serial Asperatae assigned.

The first description was in 1906 as Picea asperata Maxwell Tylden Masters in the Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany, Volume 37 (262 ), pp. 419-420.

The species is divided into up to four varieties:

• Picea asperata var asperata is the nominate
• Picea asperata var aurantiaca ( Mast. ) Boom comes in a small area of west Sichuan Kangding circle located in front. This variety is considered by some authors as distinct species Picea aurantiaca mast. considered.
• Picea asperata var heterolepis ( Rehder & EH Wilson) Rehder occurs in the mountains of western Sichuan located in Guan County Xian. A synonym is Picea heterolepis Rehder & E. H. Wilson.
• Picea asperata var retroflexa ( Mast. ) W. C. Cheng is seen by some authors as distinct species Picea retroflexa mast. considered.

Swell

• Christopher J. Earle: Picea asperata. In: The Gymnosperm Database. www.conifers.org, November 27, 2012, accessed on 30 May 2013 ( English).
• Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Thomas S. Elias & Robert R. Mill: Pinaceae. Picea. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan (eds.): Flora of China. Cycadaceae through Fagaceae. Volume 4, Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis in 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3, Picea asperata, p.27 ( this printed work is the same text online, Picea asperata - Online).