PIDE

The Polícia Internacional e de Defesa do Estado listen? / I ( dt International State Security Police ), better known as PIDE, was in Portugal under the rule of António de Oliveira Salazar and Marcelo Caetano, a secret police.

History

The PIDE was founded on 22 October 1945 and replaced in 1933 with the support of German and Italian advisers launched PVDE ( Polícia de Vigilância e Defesa do Estado ) from.

The PVDE was a tool of political justice and oppression, and had numerous special courts and special prisons. Over the years, the State Police established a comprehensive informants and spy network. So she managed to create a comprehensive police-state surveillance of public and private life. In 1945, she was renamed the PIDE. Model for the structuring of the various departments was no longer the German Gestapo, but the British Scotland Yard. You should suppress all opposition in Portugal against the Estado Novo, the authoritarian regime.

As a state instrument of terror, the PIDE in Portugal was very afraid especially with the opposition. As in the presidential election in 1958 of the liberal opposition candidate Humberto Delgado despite massive election rigging by the PIDE received about 24 % of the vote, he was later discharged from the army and forced to flee to Brazil. From there he continued to support opposition actions in Portugal. Humberto Delgado was back in his attempt in 1965 murdered at the Portuguese- Spanish border by a task force of the PIDE.

Outside Portugal, the deeds of the PIDE were hardly known. This only changed during the colonial wars, as the agents, among others, the freedom fighter Amilcar Cabral of Guinea- Bissau repeatedly tried to assassinate. The main prison of the political police was in Caxias, which was stormed on April 27, 1974 in the Carnation Revolution. In Cape Verdean place Tarrafal also a concentration camp had been set up in 1936, the Portuguese as a concentration camp of Tarrafal in the entire ruled area and was well known internationally later.

On September 24, 1969, the PIDE was dissolved by Marcelo Caetano and replaced by the DGS ( Direção - Geral de security scheme ). The methods and goals, however, remained the same. With the peaceful Carnation Revolution in Portugal on April 25, 1974, the DGS came to an end and was also dissolved.

649109
de