Pinikir

Pinikir was originally a mother Elamite deity whose worship later input in Mesopotamia, at the Hurrians and finally found also among the Hittites.

Elam

The Elamite mother goddess Pinikir (also Binengir ) was worshiped in all periods of Elamite history. Especially in older times it is one of the principal deities of Elam. Pinikir was the mistress of Humban and also the Ningusinak. She had important temples in Susa and Chogha Zanbil. Presumably they presented, similar to the Mesopotamian goddess Ishtar compared with her, the love aspect of the goddess represents, while embodied in the combat aspect Kiririša.

Hurrians

Hurrian testimonials about Pirengir are rare. She is equated in a list of gods Emar with the Mesopotamian goddess Ninsianna, which was also known as " Ishtar of the star ". Thus Pirengir is the astral aspect of Ishtar Sauska, probably the morning star.

Hittites

In the Hittite city samuha Pirinkir was worshiped in the temple of "Goddess of the Night" in the form of a gold disc. The Centre can cult is particularly described in papilili ritual, the prayers addressed to them in Babylonian language ( heth. papilili ) were recited, indicating the foreign cult. In this she is called as "Goddess of Elam " as well as the daughter of Sîn and Ningal and as a twin sister of Šamaš. When her vizier Ilabrat is called.

The goddess merged after the introduction to the Hittites as with the native horses and God Pirwa Pirinkir was called together with Sauska in a ritual horse training manual, the invocations now partly carried on Hurrian or Luwian.

It is possible that the goddess who could take as astral aspect of Ishtar also masculine form, shown in Hittite rock sanctuary Yazılıkaya in the male line. The local rock relief 31 shows a winged deity whose hieroglyphenluwische inscription as DEUS PURUS can be ra / i read but not interpreted. For an identification with Pirinkir speak typical of astral deities wing, especially as the Mesopotamian Ishtar and the Hurrian Sauska were represented winged. In addition, some Hurrian lists of victims of Teššup sometimes call the " Herin Pirinkir ".

Perhaps the goddess in a spätluwischen inscription ( mid 8th century BC ) is called from Karkamis where the deity DEUS Pa ra / i -ka ra / i is called.