Pinus parviflora
Girls Pine ( Pinus parviflora ), photo
The girls pine ( Pinus parviflora ), also known as Japanese fünfnadlige Pine ( Pinus pentaphylla ), is a five noble plant of the genus of pine (Pinus ) in the pine family ( Pinaceae ). It was introduced in 1846 in Europe.
Description
It grows in their home as 15 to 25 m tall tree and has a sprawling, dense, conical tree crown. In old trees the crown flattens out above and grows irregularly. Outside their home, the girls pine is usually only 6 to 8 m high. The smooth bark of young trees is brilliantly colored gray to gray- brown. The older bark turns to a dull gray, has the typical pine longitudinal fissures and dissolves like scales from. Young twigs are gray-green to yellow-brown and puberulous or glabrous. The needles are depending on the variety blue-green to blue-gray, have a length of 5 to 6 cm and are in clusters of five.
The girls pine is monoecious getrenntgeschlechtig ( monoecious ), so there are male and female cones on an individual before. The pollen are formed on the basis of long young shoots, instead of leafy short shoots in the axils of scale leaves.
The male cones are pink, about 7 mm long and arranged along the expelled in the same spring, young branches. They pollinate other trees by wind pollination.
The arranged at the shoot tips of young branches 2-3 cm long, female cones are arranged red and quirlförmig before pollination. After pollination the maturation lasts for two years and then the seeds are released. The fertilized egg-shaped cones are 4-7 cm long, first green brown and then brown and have broad, rounded scales. The seeds are 8-11 mm long, with a 2 to 10 mm long wings.
Distribution and location
The girls pine is native to Japan, especially on the islands of Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu at altitudes 1300-1800 m. There is the subspecies P. p. subsp. pentaphylla in northern Honshu and Hokkaido. It grows in the temperate zone, in rainy areas (1000-3000 mm / year), wet soils and drier, to podzol.
In Hokkaido you can find them along with Dyer's alder, Kaiser- birch, the apparent Berry Gaultheria miqueliana, Herzblättriger hornbeam, dwarf pine ( Pinus pumila ), Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi ), Japan Rowan (Sorbus commixta ), Erman's birch (Betula ermanii ), miscanthus ( Miscanthus sinensis), Sakhalin knotweed ( Fallopia sachalinensis ), the heather plant Leucothoë grayana, Porst, Mongolian oak (Quercus mongolica ), Rhododendron brachycarpum, Sakhalin- willow ( Salix reinii ), umbels umbellata, Actinidia arguta, Thorny Elaeagnus ( Elaeagnus pungens ), Shirasawas subjects maple ( Acer shirasawanum ), Japanese Wineberry (Rubus phoenicolasius ), Japanese poplar (Populus maximowiczii ) and Siebold poplar (Populus sieboldii ).
Taxonomy and systematics
There are two subspecies:
- Pinus parviflora subsp. parviflora
- Pinus parviflora subsp. pentaphylla ( Mayr. )
Synonyms are Pinus heterophylla Presl, Pinus cembra var japonica Nelson, Pinus pentaphylla Mayr. and Pinus himekomatsu Miyjabe Kudo et.
Use
The girls pine is a popular tree for bonsai and is also popular as a garden tree outside Japan. Known garden locations are:
- Blue Angel: silvery blue needle color, pyramdenförmiger growth in 15 years increase of approximately 1.8 m in height and 1 m in width
- Blue Giant: vigorous shoots, approximately 2.20 m height and 1.10 m width growth in 10 years
- Gimborn 's Ideal: blue-green needle color, after 15 years, to 3.8 m Height
- Glauca: blue white needle coloration, 5 to 10 m maximum plant height
- Miyajim: dwarf white pine, blue-green needle color, about 60 cm in height growth in 10 years
- Negishi: dwarf white pine; broad, conical habit to 1 m in 10 years, for bonsai cultivation, gray -blue to blue needle coloration
- Sapphire: up to 2 m plant height, blue-green needle coloration
- Tempelhof: 3 m Height, blue-green needle coloration