Poloxamer

Poloxamers are block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. It is low-foaming and foam-suppressing nonionic surfactants, which are used for dispersing and emulsification in the chemical and allied industries. The Polyethylenoxidteil of the polymer is water soluble, the Polypropylenoxidteil but not so arise, the amphiphilic properties. Depending on the degree of ethoxylation they are liquid (L ), paste (P), fixed ( F) or in powder form.

Poloxamers are surfactant-like block polymers having a central polypropylene glycol moiety, which is linked at both chain ends each with a macrogol moiety. They are characterized by a two - or three -digit number.

The polymers were developed in the 1950s by BASF and have since been sold under the trade name Pluronic ®.

The last digit is multiplied by a factor of 10 are about the relative mass fraction of ethylene oxide units in percent, the foregoing (s) digit (s) encoding the molecular weight of the polypropylene glycol block. As Poloxamertypen are available:

• Poloxamer 407 (trade name, for example, Pluronic F 127; Pharma Quality: Kolliphor P 407; earlier Lutrol.RTM F 127)
• Poloxamer 188 (trade name, for example, Pluronic F 68; Pharma Quality: Kolliphor P 188; earlier Lutrol.RTM F 68 ).

Both Poloxamertypen are laid as a base material, poloxamer 407 has an average molecular weight of 9840-14600, poloxamer 188, a 7680-9510.

Poloxamines

Poloxamines are a sub- group of the poloxamers and structurally composed of a ethylenediamine core, whose amino groups are substituted with copolymers of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene blocks of variable length:

[ H-( C2H4O ) a ( C3H6O ) b] 2N -CH2-CH2 -N [( C3H6O ) b - ( C2H4O ) aH ] 2

Wherein a and b are variable.

Poloxamines find use as nonionic surfactants and are therefore included in some cosmetics and toiletries. However, they can also be part of medicines.

Swell

• Rompp Lexikon Chemie Volume 5, (Ed.: J. Falbe, M. Regitz ), 10th edition, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, New York, 1999, p 3391st