Porrentruy

Pruntrut

Pruntrut (French Pruntrut) is a municipality and capital of the district of the canton of Jura in Switzerland. The city is the capital of the Ajoie region.

Geography

Pruntrut is located on 423 m above sea level. M., 21 km west-northwest from the cantonal capital Delsberg (air line). The city extends in a wide valley on both sides of the Allaine, in Ajoie ( German Elsgau ), at the northern foot of the Jura mountains.

The area of ​​14.8 km ² large municipality territory, which includes the central part of the broad Talniederung Allaine. From the southwest also opens into a wide valley of the Creux- Genat, which is fed from a only periodically flowing karst spring. In the south, the area extends to the heights of La Banne (511 m above sea level. M. ) and La Perche (526 m above sea level. M. ), the middle is the klusartige valley of Fontenais - Bach. In Pruntrut the Allaine turn from their previously westward flow direction to the north and cuts through here the Tabular Jura plateaus Ajoie. To the west of this valley are the hills and forests of Petit Fahy ( 543 m above sea level. M. ) and Grand Fahy (570 m above sea level. M. ) to Pruntrut. The highest point of the municipality is on the ridge of Bure at 580m above sea level. M. reached. To the north, the municipal area extends up to the Bois de Sapins (530 m above sea level. M. ), and the eastern boundary is the dry valley of Combe Vaumacon. From the municipality surface 1997 20 % came from settlements, 41 % of forest and shrubs, 38% to agriculture, and slightly less than 1% was unproductive land.

To Pruntrut include numerous individual farms. Neighboring communities of Pruntrut are Fontenais, Bressaucourt, Courtedoux, Bure, Courchavon, Coeuve, and all Courgenay.

Population

With 6703 inhabitants ( as at 31 December 2012) is Pruntrut terms of population, the second largest municipality in the canton of Jura. Of the residents 89.5 % are French, 2.8% German-speaking and Italian-speaking 2.2% (as of 2000). The highest population was recorded in 1970 with 7827 inhabitants. Since then, the population has steadily decreased, especially during the recession of the 1970s.

Economy

Pruntrut is the regional economic center of the Ajoie. During the 19th century, it developed from an agricultural to an industrial city. Traditional industries are the watch-making, the manufacture of footwear and the textile industry. During the 20th century the metalworking, machine tool, micro technology and the manufacture of office furniture and electronic equipment were added. Many other jobs are in the service sector, while agriculture has only minor importance. The workers are distributed as follows among the three sectors: 2 % in the first sector, 48 % in the second sector and 50 % in services.

The city is the seat of many important institutions, namely the Cantonal Court, the State Library, the Cantonal Bank of the Canton of Jura, the cantonal office for protection of monuments and the archives of the former diocese of Basel. Furthermore Pruntrut has a regional hospital, which is located west of the city on the southern slopes of the Jura mountains plateaus.

Culture and Education

In Pruntrut there are several museums, including the Musée de l' Hôtel- Dieu with a collection of prints and posters as well as the Jura Museum of Natural Sciences with a botanical garden (Jardin botanique de Pruntrut), which was founded in 1795. In addition, have the Université populaire Jurassic and the Société d' Emulation Jurassic, an association that seeks to promote cultural unity of the Jurassic people, based in the city.

As a regional training center Pruntrut is the location of numerous schools. In the city there are the district school, several secondary schools, one trade school, and a school of applied arts, the teacher training college, was incorporated into the 1979 and the workshop for teachers of Delémont, schools for watchmaking and microtechnology as well as several private schools.

Health service

The village has a public hospital with 24 -hour emergency care. It is part of the hospital network of the Hôpital du Jura.

Traffic

The city of Switzerland, Urban ago

  • By the A16 motorway. In 1998, the first section was opened on Jurassic floor of Delsberg to Pruntrut. The southern bypass of the city with two 1 km long tunnel was opened to traffic in 2005. Until around 2015, the A16 is to be connected to both the Swiss national road network as well as with the French motorway network. Pruntrut is on the main road from Dels mountain via the border crossing Boncourt to Belfort in France. A branch road leads from Pruntrut directly to Montbéliard;
  • By the SBB, which operate the route Dels mountain Pruntrut - Boncourt - dent. The route from Pruntrut after Boncourt was opened by the Chemin de fer Porrentruy - dent (PD ) on September 23, 1872 the sequel via Saint- Ursanne to Glovelier followed on March 30, 1877 by the railway company Bernese Jura (JB). The section Basel SBB Dels mountain Pruntrut is served by the line S3 of the Regio S -Bahn Basel;
  • Through the Jura Railways ( Chemins de fer du Jura, short CJ) which operate the railway Pruntrut - Bonfol. This line was opened on 14 July 1901 by the railway company Régional Porrentruy - Bonfol ( RPB ).

For the fine distribution in the network of public transport, numerous bus routes serving the farming villages of the Ajoie.

History

The first known settlement of the region of Pruntrut goes back to the Gallo-Roman era. 1983 remains of a temple ( fanum ) have been discovered from this time the cemetery on the northern outskirts; also Roman coins were found.

For the first time Pruntrut 1136 mentioned under the name Purrentru. The place name derives probably from the Latin pons Rage Trudi (Bridge of Ragentrud ). Ragentrud the wife of the Frankish king Dagobert died in 639 was I. Other sources suggest the origin of the name on Bruntrutum back (water- rich source ). From this stem the German designation was Pruntrut.

The settlement was initially part of the County of Montbéliard ( Montbeliard ) before they first came to the Prince-Bishopric of Basel in 1271. After Pruntrut had been captured in 1283 by the Burgundians, occupied King Rudolf I of Habsburg, the city and forced a return of the territory to the Archbishopric. At the same time he raised Pruntrut on April 20, 1283 free imperial city. Due to financial difficulties had the prince bishop 1386 pawn the Ajoie along with bears witness to the Lords of Montbéliard. 1461 they again came under the rule of the prince-bishopric. Because of the Reformation in Basel in 1527 the Prince-Bishop transferred his official seat after Pruntrut. Under Prince Bishop Jakob Christoph Blarer of Wartensee, who reigned from 1575 to 1608, the city experienced a period of prosperity. In his time the renovation and expansion of the castle as well as the founding of the Jesuit College ( 1591 ) fell. The period of prosperity ended abruptly in 1618 with the outbreak of the Thirty Years' War, was during the Pruntrut several times besieged, occupied and looted.

1792 French troops conquered the Ajoie. Pruntrut became the capital of the dependent of France Raurakischen Republic, until it was annexed to France in 1793 and was to become the Département du Mont- Terrible. As the capital of this department but Pruntrut still had meaning. It was not until 1800 when Mont Terrible was integrated into the Department of Haut -Rhin, was the degradation of Pruntrut the seat of a sub-prefecture. 1815, the city was awarded by decision of the Congress of Vienna, the canton of Bern as a compensation for the 1803 « lost » Vaud.

Until the beginning of World War Pruntrut was regarded as the spiritual center of the Bernese Jura and also had more inhabitants than Dels mountain. With the development of road traffic but decreased the importance of the city because of its peripheral location in Switzerland, and an economic stagnation began. In the second half of the 20th century there was ever greater tensions between the small Catholic, French-speaking and the larger Protestant, German-speaking part of the canton of Bern. This meant that after several regional and federal referenda on 1 January 1979, the French-speaking canton of Jura was founded. But was much to the chagrin of the resident population in the Ajoie Delsberg the capital of the new canton. 1988 Pruntrut awarded the Wakker prize for the exemplary care of the historic center.

Attractions

Pruntrut has a picturesque old town with numerous town houses in the Gothic, Baroque and neo-classical style. The town plan shows an elongated rectangle, bounded on the north by the increased standing castle in the south of the buildings of the former Jesuit College (now seat of the cantonal school). The only preserved medieval city gate, the Porte de France, which was built in 1563.

The Catholic parish church Saint- Pierre is a three-aisled Gothic basilica, which was built from 1330 to 1350. It contains a valuable treasury of the church and late baroque altars. East of the old town is the Catholic Church of Saint- Germain, built in the 13th century in late Romanesque style and completely restored in 1698 and enlarged. The late Gothic former Jesuit Church (1599-1603) has an octagonal tower from 1701. Today it serves as a concert hall. 1626 the Church of the Ursulines was ordained.

In an elevated position is the imposing castle, which was the residence of the 1527-1792 Basler prince-bishops. The oldest part is the tour Réfous, a round keep, which was built in 1271. It dates from the first castle from the 13th century. Numerous modifications were made in the later centuries, especially in the 16th century, when the Résidence, the Chancellery and the Tour du Coq have been added.

Major houses from the Baroque period in the old town are the Hôtel de Ville (1761-1763), the Hôtel- Dieu (1761-1765), the Hôtel de Gléresse (1750, for the Baron of Ligerz built ) and the late Baroque Hôtel des Halles ( 1766-1769 ). In the squares of the old town are some monumental fountains, including the Samariterinbrunnen (1564 ) and the Swiss Fountain ( 1558 ) with standard bearer and boar. In the vicinity of the old town there are numerous villas and commercial buildings from the period of the late 19th century.

Eglise Saint- Pierre

Eglise Saint- Germain

Tour Réfous

Personalities

  • Paul Bessire Otto (1880-1958), historian, 1915-1951 teacher in Pruntrut
  • Jules Caffot (1865-1942), organist and composer
  • Peter Roth Bühler ( * 1948 ), journalist, was born in Pruntrut
  • Stockmar Xavier (1797-1864), patriot and politician
Tabel Jura Bure, Switzerland Electronics A16 motorway (Switzerland) Boncourt, Switzerland Saint-Ursanne Basel Regional S-Bahn Dagobert I. Burgundy Protestant Reformation Jakob Christoph Blarer von Wartensee Gothic art Romanesque art Paul-Otto Bessire La Baroche Basse-Allaine Cornol Damphreux Grandfontaine, Switzerland Haute-Ajoie Lugnez Rocourt, Jura Vendlincourt Asuel Charmoille, Switzerland Chevenez Damvant Montenol Montignez Montmelon Ocourt Municipalities of the canton of Jura Integrated Authority File
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