Port Moresby
Port Moresby is the capital of Papua New Guinea. As one of the few cities in Oceania, the city has a population of more than 300,000 inhabitants (as at 2009), with illegal slums were not counting around the city.
Location
The city of Port Moresby is located in the southeastern part of the island of New Guinea on the south coast of the Coral Sea. The city is situated at a sheltered bay and has thus become a favorite anchorage for shipping. Port Moresby is not one of the 19 provinces of Papua New Guinea belonging, but has its own administrative status as the National Capital District ( German National Capital District).
Climate
The climatic conditions of the city of Port Moresby are influenced by their geographic location in the near-equatorial zone of the tropics and the topography of the hinterland, the city lies "in the shadow" of the Owen Stanley Mountains. The two wind systems Passat and monsoon promote large amounts of water to Papua New Guinea, they cause precipitation of up to more than 5000 mm in the center of the island of New Guinea. There the skies pour down, so that Port Moresby is relatively dry with an annual rainfall of 1250 mm for the region of Papua New Guinea. Humidity is generally between 70 and 85 %.
The weather is determined by two prevailing wind currents: the southeast trade wind blows from May to October the northwest monsoon roughly December to March. For the typical tropical cyclones and hurricanes occur in this area relatively rare, thunderstorms are common in the mountains. The mountainous location protects the harbor before the severe storms that infest the western coastal regions.
City arrangement and urbanization
The original townsite was built on a narrow, mountainous peninsula on the coast. She reached inland to the mountain Tuabuga Hill and bordered to the north by the waterfront. All governmental and administrative buildings and the homes of European immigrants and the Australian administration officials initially concentrated in this area. The locals lived mostly in simple houses in the rural suburbs beyond the mountain. Since independence, the city began to grow tremendously by influx from the rural communities. The government ordered the formation of the National Capital District, this 240 square kilometers and has a special status. The first suburban settlements were established on the Hubert Murray Highway, the main road to the airport and were given as a ( temporary ) place names the distance information to the town center - " Three Mile ", " Four Mile " and " Six Mile ". Constantly, new housing developments and neighboring villages were incorporated. Also, the government authorities and the municipality needed extensions, business establishments, shopping malls, a diplomatic district, sports arenas and university campuses are spread over the entire city. The new districts are named: Badili, Boroko, Erima, Gabutu, Gerehu, Gordons, Gordons North, Hohola, Hohola North, Kaevaga, Kaugere, Kila, Koki, Konedobu Korobosea, Matirogo, Morata, Newtown, Sabama, Saraga, Tokarara and Waigani.
In Koki district
Slum Hanuabada
The beach " Ela Beach "
Transport links
Road links
Port Moresby is the capital and administrative center of the Central Province. The road network within the province is relatively well developed. Within the city limits there is a bus network; Taxis and private car rental companies offer their services. From the rural population as PMV (Public Motor Vehicles ) designated vans are preferred.
The topography and the tropical climate of the country prevent the construction of roads and railway lines to the cities beyond the central mountains.
Traffic
Already in the 1930s originated in the Australian -administered a comprehensive network of airlines with small aircraft. During the fighting of World War II emerged on all major islands military airfields that can be used even today in some cases. They made possible in the 1970s, the rapid advance of the foreign mining companies, even in the most remote mountain regions, and were nevertheless viable. Already in the 1950s, several airlines formed who now earn with the transportation of tourists their main source of income. The Air Niugini is the largest airline in the country and works with the Australian Qantas Airways together. More private airlines are Bougair, Douglas Airways, Panga Airways and Talair. The main airport of the country is Jacksons International Airport, the city Nae has a cargo airport.
Shipping
The Port of Port Moresby was already around 1890. The port consists of four zones, it has a modern container terminal to supply the country with assets and is also anchorage for the tourist ships, in a second zone, at the so-called Napa Napa ferries. In the third zone is the marina, and north still follows in a locked part of the port of Naval Base. The Navy assumes here the function of the Coast Guard. The shallow, coastal waters of the city are traversed by coral reefs, which complicate the navigation considerably. Another well-known obstacle in the harbor is the wreck of the Australian freighter Mac Dhui, which was sunk on June 8th, 1942 in a clash outside the harbor by the Japanese.
Walking and hiking
The Kokoda Trail, the use of the locals for a long time to get from Port Moresby to the north, is today one of the adventure tourists in the country 's biggest attractions.
History
The root of the Motu lives in the area around Port Moresby for about 2,000 years. The British explorer John Moresby in 1873 recognized the advantage of the local harbor bay bot. Protectorate British New Guinea in 1884 as the UK, the country (British New Guinea ) said that was the capital Port Moresby and remained so until today. A Japanese conquest was prevented in the Battle of the Coral Sea by the Allies.
Social problems
As a result of large rural-urban migration, the population of Port Moresby has doubled in the last twenty years, and many illegal settlements arose. In 1971, the city had even only 80,000 inhabitants. Progress and wealth of the city irritate many young rural residents to seek their fortune. With the rapid growth was accompanied by a very high crime rate, and the police corruption is a big problem. After a series of very brutal crimes and fighting between members of different tribes in a suburban slum, the Tete settlement, the chief of police of the city in 2003 called for the immediate evacuation of slums and the return of unemployed youths in their home villages.
According to a ranking by the Economist Intelligence Unit from 2012 Port Moresby is ranked in terms of quality of life among the 140 cities surveyed worldwide in the last place before the end of light Dhaka.
Twinning
Port Moresby maintains partnerships with the following towns (in brackets the year of establishment ):
Friendship cities:
Education and Research
A large part of the rural population is not alphabetisert, this is especially true for women. The schools in the capital have traditionally been in church-run. The school system is aligned with the English education system, there are private schools and public schools.
The University of Papua New Guinea was established in 1965 and joined the group of Commonwealth Universities, she is the highest-ranking educational institution in Papua New Guinea and is the first university in Oceania. It is located on the northern outskirts of Port Moresby. Currently, about 15,000 students attend the educational institution, it has 13 faculties and institutes.
An important support to know the medical educational institutions stationed in the harbor by international naval forces. Thus is located in Port Moresby regularly a hospital ship in the U.S. Pacific fleet, which enables on board the education and training of local doctors and nurses to modern technology.
There are in the city other national and international research institutes, to them, is one of the NRI ( National Research Institute of Papua New Guinea). It originated in 1961 as a branch of the Australian National University and deals with issues in the focus on the economic, political and social development of the country.
Structures
See: Sir John Guise Stadium