Positivist calendar
The positivist calendar (also called Comte Calendar) is a solar calendar, which was proposed by Auguste Comte in 1849 on the reform of the Gregorian calendar. He reached, however, as well as other designs of Comte, never more widely used. The calendar was reworked later by Moses Cotsworth in the very similar International perpetual calendar.
The positivists of the calendar system
The calendar has 13 months to 28 days each plus a feast day in honor of the dead at the end. This extra day is not assigned to either one months or a weekday. In this way, week and month can be synchronized, that is, each month begins with basically a Monday. The idea to interrupt the weekly cycle with an extra day, Comte took over from Marco Mastrofini, who in 1834 published a calendar project, which is known as world calendar today.
In addition to the common year of 365 days, the calendar provides a leap year with an extra day added at the end, which is to be dedicated to the memory of female saints. The beginnings of the year and the switching rule are consistent with those of the Gregorian calendar. However, the Christian year count should be replaced by a positivist: As Year 1 (epoch ) should apply the Christian year 1789, in which the French Revolution began.
The months of the positivist calendar were named after famous people and go every year world history under continuous settling issues through - a world history that leads to the scientific nature:
In leap years the months Archimedes to Bichat start compared to the Gregorian calendar by one day earlier, the All Souls' Day is on December and the leap day on 31 December 30.
In addition to the usual weekday names occur in the positivist calendar or any specific day names after a total of 364 favored by Comte sizes of history, an idea that he took over from Maréchal calendar design from 1787. Apparently so should the Saints of the Catholic Church to be replaced.
Benefits
A major advantage of the calendar is that all months are constructed the same, both in terms of their length, as well as the assignment of the days of the week. Week, and month that is in phase. The calendar is thus extremely well structured and independent calendar years are possible.
Disadvantages
Arguments that are made against the introduction of the calendar into the field, include:
- Its ideological basis, which is expressed in the name of the month.
- The indivisibility of the number 13, which does not allow you to create semi-annual or quarterly statistics or to integrate the tradition of seasons.
Impact of the calendar
Except in positivist circles the calendar was never used in practice. In the 1930s he experienced as a slightly modified International Perpetual calendar (IFC ) temporarily greater attention.
The differences from the IFC consist firstly in the choice of month names ( IFC used - except for the month of Sol - the classic names of months, during the months of the positivist calendar are named after famous personalities from antiquity to the 19th century ), for other in the placement of the switching Tags: IFC follows the leap to June, in the positivist calendar on New Year's Day.