Postage stamps and postal history of Baden

By the stamps that were issued by the German state of Baden 1851-1871, the Badner Postal History is present in some scrapbooks as a separate area today.

Before the introduction of the first stamps

The Italian courier Taxis family, which renamed itself in 1650 Thurn and Taxis and climb into the high nobility, had in Baden great impact on the postal development. The oldest post office in Baden was 1490, in a document furnished detectable from 1495 in the Rhine near Speyer Hausen as a station on the postal route from the Netherlands to Innsbruck and Italy.

Since the late 17th century, the Thurn and Taxis established as the operator of the imperial realm post a virtually nationwide postal service and took over the entire postal organization in Baden. Only in 1811 was the Postal Administration of Baden through the assignment agreement of Thurn and Taxis in their own hands on. The postal system became more and more expanded. On October 16, 1850, the second Baden Chamber agreed that the country would participate in the Advisory Board of the contractually fixed on April 6, 1850 German - Austrian Postal Union. The actual accession to the Postal Union should take place on 1 May 1851 by then postage stamps should be printed with the design of Baden Münzrat tile Ludwig ( 1791-1878 ) was commissioned. The Regulation on the future of postal traffic inside the Grand Duchy of Baden was published on 16 April 1851 in No. XXVI of the Grand Ducal Baden -governmental sheet.

Own Stamp Issues

The first stamps

On 1 May 1851, the first four postage stamps were issued at 1, 3, 6 and 9 cruisers in the Grand Duchy of Baden. With these values ​​could then covering all major postal rates with respect to distance and weight. The stamps, designed as digits drawings that clearly highlight the respective postal value in a middle circle of 14.5 millimeters in diameter. In the frame enclosing these stamps bear the lettering " Baden " (above) and " postage stamp " ( below) and " German - Östr.- mail organization / agreement dated April 6, 1850 " (left and right). Printed in black on different colored paper brands showed no silk threads or watermark, but instead were withheld from the public with a secret engraver's mark to prevent counterfeiting provided.

9 Kreuzer blue green

Under " 9 Kreuzer blue green " means the philatelist the Farbfehldruck the value to 9 Kreuzer of the first stamp issue bathing in blue-green instead of pink color. The blue-green color was provided for the value to 6 cruisers. From this misprint only three stamped copies are known. Two of them are on letters. The misprint is one of the greatest philatelic rarities of the world. Its value is several million euros.

More Stamp Issues

Baden expended to 1871 a total of 28 different stamps. Expenditures from 1853 and 1858 follow in their design the first editions of 1851, however, differ in the color of paper on the respective postage rates. With the, now for the first time dentate stamps of 1860 they departed from black print onto colored paper and expended future monochrome printed marks on white paper. Instead of Drawing numbers carried the brand in 1860, the future of Baden coat of arms.

Country post

The country post-postage form a special area of the Baden postal history. The three values ​​of 1, 3 and 12 cruisers were expended on October 1, 1862. These stamps were not delivered to postal customers during the period of use of the marks and could not be used as postage stamps.

With these country post-postage was postage amounts for postage due, carried only by the rural postal mail as well as the rural mail - order fee which was not paid by the sender, as well as applicable in certain cases other fees. They should be glued back, but are common also on the front side.

Fakes

When immersing the 1 Cruiser brand of 1853 for a long time in tea, the paper obtains the tinted color of one cruiser brand of 1851, what its price tenfold, but the color is a little watery. Bathed in warm water dissolves the discoloration of adulterated brand, the water is darker. At risk is also 3 Kreuzer brand. The brand of 1862, perforated 13 ½, with unusually narrow edge or particularly beautiful Perforation could from the brand with the teeth 10 have been redid the value to increase dramatically. Both brands have to be equal. Right primitive forgeries of the 18 Cruiser brand. Here the letters are different and can be determined by comparison with other stamps in the series. The 30 - Cruiser brand comes occasionally, therefore, with a false stamp. In this case, can only help the examiner.

The country post-postage mint come before as an all fake. Here, the value hinzeigende to dial is not well managed and to be recognized by comparison. In addition, the paper is brownish.

Entry into the German Reich

By 31 December 1871, the entire postal system of Baden passed into the hands of the German Post. From that moment the postal history of Baden shares the postal history of the German Empire. The stamps bathing could only be used up to this day, however, until February 25, 1872 in exchange valid for post stamps of the German Empire was possible.