Prima Esposizione Internazionale d'Arte Decorativa Moderna
The Prima Esposizione Internazionale d' Arte Moderna Decorativa ( German " First International Exhibition of Modern Decorative Arts ", English "First International Exposition of Modern Decorative Art ") was a World Exhibition of Applied Arts and found from May 10 to November 10, 1902 in Turin, Italy.
The world arts and crafts exhibition was explicitly aligned state. It was important for the further spread of Art Nouveau in Italy ( Italian " styles Floreale ", also English " Stile Liberty "). Participating countries were: Germany, Italy, Hungary, Austria, Switzerland, England, Belgium, the Netherlands, Japan and the United States.
In the 150-year history of the World Expo, the Turin distinguished in that it does not follow the modern pure functionality of the exhibition architecture, but an art style that Art Nouveau. It is the only World's Fair, which is devoted exclusively to an art style and marks the climax of Art Nouveau.
Conception
New exhibition architecture and conception: As cultural and art- historical answer to the Paris World Exposition 1900, Turin in architecture and exhibition design exhibitions Darmstadt ( A Document of German Art, 1901), Munich ( Munich Secession ) and the simultaneous 14th Exhibition of the Vienna Secession 1902 " exhibition as a total work of art " section.
For the concept and management were responsible: Ernesto Balbo Bertone di Sambuy, Leonardo Bistolfi, Giovanni Antonio Reycend and Enrico Thovez. The event was held as at the international exhibitions of 1884, 1898 and 1911, the Turin's Valentino Park, where the exhibition buildings were rebuilt.
Architecture
The architects call for the new exhibition building in 1901 won the internationally renowned Italian architect Raimondo D' Aronco ( 1857-1932 ). Other participating architects Annibale Rigotti and were Giovanni Vacchetta, construction had Enrico Bonelli. Through application of new countries into the exhibition and a higher demand for exhibition space, the plans until the opening had to be changed again and again. The project is documented history of architecture.
The most important element of the built in typical D' Aronco neo-baroque Art Nouveau main building of the international Arts and Crafts Exhibition is the central rotunda ( Rotonda d' onore ), which reveals the influence of the dome of the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul. In addition to thematic pavilions (photography, film, automotive, Fine Arts ) close to the main building radially the exhibition galleries for Germany and Italy. Take in the exhibition design 1907 built the first pavilion at the Venice Biennale in advance.
Artists and Works
The World Expo has helped many artists to break through, among other things, she brought the blacksmith artist Alessandro Mazzucotelli public recognition, which established his fame and success. " Other Italian artists with great success were the designer Carlo Bugatti, and furniture designer Vittorio Valabrega and Agostino Lauro.
From German artists, among others, the sculptor Wilhelm Krieger and as representatives of the Darmstadt artists' colony of the Art Nouveau artist Peter Behrens be mentioned.
The pavilions
Pavilion of Photography
A special position is occupied the " International Exhibition of Art Photography " ( Esposizione Internazionale di Fotografia Artistica Torino 1902), in the Pavilion of Photography, the Padiglione di Fotografia, took place. The building had a flat rectangular shape, the input area again, however, had jugenstilhafte trains through the almost circular entrance, which symbolizes a camera eye. The input header was: " Fotografia Artistica ".
To establish photography as an art form was the concern of the American photographers of the Photo-Secession at Alfred Stieglitz, who represented the pictorialism at the time in particular. The submitted work it the Photo-Secession with artists Prescott Adamson, Robert Demachy, Frank Eugene, Gertrude Käsebier, Joseph Turner Keiley, Robert S. Redfield, Alfred Stieglitz, Edward Steichen and Clarence Hudson White received the single of King Victor Emmanuel III. awarded by Italy itself Grand Prix and made the American tendencies to a wider European audience known, especially by the establishment in 1903 following the journal Camera Work.
The German art photographers were: Rudolf Dührkoop, Franz Grainer ( with a portrait of Franz Spranger ) and Nicola Perscheid.
A second area was divided by the Piedmontese Vittorio Sella, who introduced the genre of mountain photography.
Followed by exhibitions
Another Esposizione Internazionale d' Arte Moderna Decorativa took place in Turin in 1911.
The first International Exhibition of Decorative Arts in Turin itself has become the 90-year recurrence subject of exhibitions: the Galleria d'Arte Moderna e contemporanea civica organized in the Palazzina delle Belle Arti to 22 January 1995 exhibition under the name " Torino 1902 ". To this end, a comprehensive reference work on the exhibition appeared ( here cited as: Bossaglia 1994). In 1995 under the same name " Torino 1902 " on a smaller scale, an exhibition at the Museum of Applied Arts, Gera.
For the year 1914, in Paris, another international arts and crafts exhibition was designed, but because of World War II until 1925 under the name Exposition internationale des Arts Décoratifs et could occur Industrial and modern, which continued in art history Art Nouveau Art Deco.