Primula farinosa
Flour - primrose (Primula farinosa )
The Mehlprimel (Primula farinosa ) or Mealy Primrose belongs to the genus Primula (Primula ). The name comes from the white surface of the leaf undersides.
Description
The Mehlprimel grows as a perennial, deciduous, herbaceous plant, reaching heights of growth of about 5 to 20 centimeters. As a storage organ is a rhizome. Since the Überdauerungsknospen lie in the amount of Erdöberfläche, count the flour Primrose to hemicryptophytes. The glandular hairs ( trichomes ) excrete tiny crystals that are mixed with vegetable wax form the floury coating on the aboveground plant parts.
The numerous, arranged in a dense basal rosette leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The petiole is nearly as long as the leaf blade. The simple and bare leaf blade is oblong - obovate with a length of 1 to 7 centimeters and a width from 0.3 to 4 cm, oblong- lanceolate to oblong- spatulate. The lower leaf surface is dusted densely mealy. The leaf margin serrate or smooth away.
The flowering period extends from May to July. The inflorescence stem is much longer than the leaves. Numerous flowers are borne in a terminal, doldigen inflorescence. The hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and fünfzählig double perianth. The five calyx teeth are blunt -edged. The width of the crown is 10-15 millimeters. The five pink, bright purple to red lilac petals are fused into a corolla tube. Striking is the yellow throat ring. The five 4-7 mm long corolla lobes are deeply emarginate. There is weak heterostyly.
There will be 5 to 9 millimeters long formed capsule fruits.
Pollination and dispersal
The flour - primrose is pollinated by insects. As a main pollinators occur Hymenoptera and butterflies in appearance. The spread of the seeds via surge propagation. The seeds are shaken out of this animals or the wind from the open capsules.
Occurrence
The widespread Mehlprimel arrives in Europe (Denmark, Sweden, Finland, UK, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, France, Portugal, Spain, Poland, Hungary, the former Czechoslovakia, the former Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Romania and the Baltic States), Russia ( European and Siberian part of ), Kazakhstan, Mongolia and the Chinese provinces of Heilongjiang, Jilin and Nei Mongol ago.
In Germany, this species occurs outside the Alpine area from the foothills of the Alps to the Danube patchy ago, very few locations in addition to the Main, continue in some Flusstalmooren Vorpommern as a glacial relict. By State, the distribution is as follows: in Southern Bavaria, the flour - primrose is considered common. Scattered occurrences are recorded in Central Bavaria and southern Baden- Württemberg, there particularly in the foothills. With rare portfolios, the Mehlprimel in northwestern Bavaria and East Mecklenburg- Vorpommern is occupied. In Thuringia, it is considered extinct. In Schleswig -Holstein, it was angesalbt in Manhagen. In the German area of distribution the stock situation is judged to be in decline. She comes to rare scattered in all states except Austria Vienna before. It applies in the Rhine Valley, in Southern Carinthian valleys in the foothills and in the Pannonian Basin as endangered.
The most common of the alpine primrose species is also common in northern Europe at altitudes of the valley to about 2600 m above sea level. As the site moist, calcareous soils, fens and stream banks are preferred.
System
The first publication of Primula farinosa was made in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, Volume 1, page 143 A homonym is Primula farinosa M.Bieb. , Which was erected in 1808 in Flora Taurico - Caucasica, Volume 1, page 319. Primula farinosa belongs to the section Aleuritia in the subgenus within the genus Primula Aleuritia.
There are of Primula farinosa at least two varieties:
- Primula farinosa var denudata W.D.J.Koch
- Primula farinosa L. var farinosa