Protezione Civile
As a civil defense (Italian Protezione Civile ) of the Civil Protection is called in Italy. In the Italian Civil Protection is primarily a network that includes government agencies and institutions, local authorities and their institutions, and NGOs.
Organization
The civil defense works in Italy according to the principle of subsidiarity. Responsible for hazard and risk analysis, prevention, protection, rescue, care, damage control and damage repair are first, the mayors of the municipalities, the President of the provinces and regions, and in the last instance, the Italian prime minister. Exceeds an event or emergency, the capacities of a lower level, jump a greater authority. At all levels, the respective heads of the executive are directly responsible, and not individual ministers or councilors, as in an emergency to coordinate all available resources should be put to use. The respective heads of the executive may delegate its powers and duties to offices or departments, but not their responsibility. Civil defense is primarily responsible for the use of the resources of other organizations, but almost all local authorities also have their own civil defense resources, including rapidly mobilizable technical units and Einsatzgruppen to the rescue, treatment and meals for disaster victims.
At the national level, there is the Office of the Prime Minister Dipartimento della Protezione Civile the department. On behalf of the Prime Minister, they created the national civil protection plan and gives general guidelines for the sub-national authorities before. In addition, it houses the National Operations Centre of Civil Protection with a mobile module.
The regions are responsible for the regional prevention and guidelines for the downstream provinces. They also control the cooperation of volunteer civil defense workers. At this level there are each the Centro Operativo Regional, which serves as the President of the region operations center.
The provinces create their contingency plans on the basis of regional targets. At the provincial level of government prefect plays a crucial role, as it can take command of all government offices and organizations in the province when needed. The operational centers at the level of provinces (Centro Coordinamento dei Soccorsi ) are subject to the prefect. That being said can "mixed use lines " (Centro Operativo Misto ) are set up in a disaster area or downstream. The prefects ensure that fit the national organizations in the planning and actions of the authorities. Deviating regulations exist in autonomous regions and provinces.
The mayors in the municipalities create their local prevention and intervention plans based on the requirements of regions and provinces and lead the community control centers (Centro Operativo Comunale ). Are you planning a community resources and local voluntary organizations and use this as an emergency first aid. Inform the competent Prefect and the respective presidents of the region about their situation.
The following organizations are involved in the Italian civil protection:
- Fire department
- Forest guard
- National Mountain and Cave Rescue
- Italian Red Cross and other regional and local emergency services
- Italian armed forces
- Italian police
- National Research Council, other research institutes and universities
- National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology
- National Health Service ( Servizio Sanitario Nazionale )
- Non-governmental organizations with a total of over one million volunteer civil defense workers
- Enel and Terna (energy supply)
- Telecom Italia ( telephone network)
History
The disaster was in Italy in 1925 for the first time a legal basis. Responsible at the time were the Ministry of Public Works and the public health facilities. The reform of 1970 changed de facto to the more improvised disaster little as the earthquake in Friuli 1976 and Irpinia 1980 showed. With the development of today's civil defense was begun in 1982, first with a separate Ministry, then in the Ministry of Interior. There was next to the Department of Firefighting and Dipartimento della Protezione the Civil Defence Civil Code. This division came after the adoption of the Civil Defence Act 1992 to the office of Prime Minister. Since that time, the Italian Civil Protection has developed into a modern and effective civil protection organization. A major contributory factor have the countless volunteers of non-governmental organizations that have been systematically involved in civil protection by the State.
2013 was the national civil protection department from their firefighting aircraft Canadair CL -415 to the Italian fire brigade.