Protonema

When protonema is the protonema of mosses: does a moss spore on the ground so they will not grow immediately to a new moss plant out, but first is the protonema. Only if this is big enough, it is buds from which the moss plant grows. While the cells of the Protonemas divide by apical tip growth through einschneidiger apical cell, bud formation marks the transition to growth by three dashing apical cell.

The protonema has in the individual moss groups very different forms. In the large group of Bryidae it consists of green, unicellular trichomes. The peat moss, it consists of a small thallus. The Klaffmoosen it is band-shaped.