Q3A Panel house

Q3A is the abbreviation for the first three -, four - and five-storey high volume in type design in the GDR in the 1950s and 1960s. The letter Q is the word borrowed Querwandbau.

Type Q3A and his successors

In these buildings, the walls made ​​of concrete blocks were manufactured. The ceiling, which consisted of several ceiling panel elements, was placed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the block. The externally visible feature of the Q3A over other GDR new buildings of his time was the flat roof. The Q3A apartments were contemporary yet equipped with oven heating. In general, a balcony for half of the tenants was provided. It was only in the period after the fall of these houses were retrofitted with additional balconies.

The industrially manufactured blocks and ceiling elements of the first houses were made ​​in the newly constructed concrete works in the Berlin Baltic Street. More designed block construction types were IW57 IW58 and, but in much lower numbers yet with a more classic hip roof.

Shortly after the 1957 first made ​​and to be found in all eight former East Berlin districts Q3A log buildings, the design of other buildings followed in cross- wall construction. The type of mostly four-storey QX- series was planned no longer blocks but economical concrete strip. In Hans -hole quarter, the first new-build housing estate in East Berlin after the Second World War in Frederick field, a district of the Municipality of Berlin -Lichtenberg, in addition to some Q3A blocks to find the most QX- houses. While Q3A was built throughout the GDR, there is the QX- series but only sporadically in other places. It is rather to be regarded as a sample series.

From 1959 to 1983 was followed by the even more frequently built homes in the transverse wall - panel construction (QP or QP64 for the main application 1964 ). It was built with five, eight or ten floors and in contrast to the two previous series, the Q- former building codes meet with lift. This is the first type of house in large industrial bricks. The individual plate elements form a complete wall of a room. The most striking and visible feature of many houses of the QP series are colored, usually white or yellow tiles for cladding the exterior walls. The first buildings of this series originated in Berlin, between Strausberg and Alexanderplatz, in the western half of the former Stalin Allee and also in Hans -hole area.

In the early 1970s came the - add five -, six- or eleven-storey residential Series Series 70 - with approximately 900,000 apartment units most commonly realized. As part of the Sonderbauprogramms Berlin- the capital of East Germany were also the building types P2 and WHH GT 18, this is one of the first types of large -panel construction, realized.

Specifications

Q3A

  • Basic principle: light concrete blocks from
  • Mass of the finished parts: a maximum of 0.8 t
  • Distance of the inner transverse walls: 2.40 m and 3.60 m
  • Building depth: 10,0 m
  • Balcony arrangement: in pairs
  • Roof shape: flat inclined cold roof with bituminous roofing membranes
  • Balcony arrangement: if present, then in pairs on the long side
  • Built in Berlin: 1957-1969 28,600 apartment units
  • Following variants: IW64 (type Brandenburg)

QX

  • Rationale: Light concrete from strips
  • Mass of the finished parts: a maximum of 1.0 t
  • Roof shape: flat inclined ventilated cold roof
  • Balcony arrangement: in pairs and individually on the long side
  • Built in Berlin: 1959-1964 3300 housing units
  • Following variant: Type Magdeburg

QP

  • Basic principle: light concrete panels from
  • Mass of the finished parts: a maximum of 5.0 t
  • Types: QP59, QP61, Qp62, QP64, QP71, QP71R
  • Roof shape: butterfly-shaped ventilated roof with bekriechbarem Drempelraum
  • Balcony arrangement: on both Stirnseitem, but also depending on the type on the long side
  • Built in Berlin: 1959-1983 35,000 apartment units
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