Queen Anne style architecture

The Queen Anne style is a British and American architectural style. He reached his widest distribution in the last quarter of the 19th century and is pronounced slightly differently depending on the location of its development.

History

The Queen Anne style emerged in the 1870s, is not to be confused with the architectural style that prevailed in British architectural history during the reign of Queen Anne ( 1702-14 ). In the latter, it is a style that has been established by John Webb and Sir Christopher Wren and had developed into a conventional localized classicism with a preference for brick facades.

The Queen Anne style of the 19th century, however, was made in the UK in the 1870s by the architect George Devey and Richard Norman Shaw known. Shaw published in 1858 a book of architectural sketches. His evocative ink drawings finally appeared in trade and art magazines of the 1870s. American architects took the style then on quickly. The fact that Shaw's imaginative style got the name Queen Anne style, although he recorded alongside baroque also many other items that probably was due to a certain popularity of the "Queen Anne " in the late 1850s, as the novel The History of Henry Esmond (1852 ) by William Makepeace Thackeray occupied. It is about a Colonel who is in the service of his majesty Queen Anne. The combination of different materials, from gracefully built and warm brick with white-painted wood facades and light limestone, is one of the features. This is also a common feature with the English architecture of the time of Queen Anne. Bay window, often found several superimposed, corner towers, asymmetrical facades and deep porches with broad canopies are preferred designs. General features of the Queen Anne style, a taste for picturesque asymmetries and picturesque building systems, which is also in contrast to the austere classicism as to the strict neo-gothic style. The historical role models were numerous: for example, the Flemish, French and English Renaissance, also late Gothic elements. Instead of the regular faithful imitation of a style focused on their original, eclectic connection. A sort of free Renaissance style of the region was doing. The British- Victorian modification of the style is more pronounced in conjunction with the Arts and Crafts movement as the U.S..

When in 1892 a public competition to design a town hall in Wakefield was announced, the conditions for the competitors were kept very free, but you could tell on the part of those responsible that the Queen Anne would fit style, with its variations in a village like Wakefield. The executed design is by James Gibson and Samuel Russell, both London-based architects and consists essentially of a large corner tower with a domed roof and all sorts of embellishments.

USA

In the U.S., the term " Queen Anne Style" mainly to the house and villa construction of time from 1880 to 1910. The free Renaissance forms and painterly picturesque elements distinguish it from the grander Beaux- Arts style.

Furniture style

A small side effect of Thackeray's novel and Richard Norman Shaw Regional Renaissance is the use of the term "Queen Anne " for a furniture style ( "Queen Anne chair" ). As in the early 1870s, influenced by Chinese forms English furniture of the middle 18th century were in demand with curved furniture legs and walnut veneer, whose style would actually be described as " Georgian ", they were erroneously connected with the reign of Queen Anne. This misnomer endured until today in both the United States and the United Kingdom. In fact, the furniture of the time of Queen Anne (early 18th century ) had been held in a baroque style that can be classified as William and Mary style.

Swell

• This article is a translation of the article and was partly completed. en: Queen Anne Style architecture, version of 8 January 2011.
• Wilfried Koch: style customer, Bertelsmann Lexikon Institute, 2003, ISBN 3-577-10457-0