Railroad car

A railroad car, as car or Wagon ( pronunciation: [ va'goñ ], Süddt / österr [ va'go: n]; plural:. . Wagons, Süddt / österr also Wagone, waggons [ va'go: ne ]. . ), is a rail vehicle without its own drive. A distinction is made between freight cars used to transport assets, and coaches whose job it is to transport people. In Germany include passenger coaches and freight wagons to control vehicles. Also at the railway carriage railway company cars are counted, which in turn are attributed not necessarily the rule vehicles. In many secondary and local railways and small railways passenger cars were earlier, analogous to the tram, referred to as a sidecar.

All rail cars are common following modules:

• Train and buffers on both ends. This can separate train - and buffing-gear, that is, mean a pair of buffer with a Zughakenkupplung between, or a combined train and shock device, ie a central buffer coupling. Have so-called port car at one end of another train - and buffing-gear than the other, for example, for coupling of low-floor passenger coaches with clutch in a special design of locomotives with standard-compliant coupling.

• The frame which receives the buffer standard pressure and Hakenzugkräfte and also contributes more or less specific devices for receiving and securing the transport of goods or passengers. In part, frame and Beförderungsgut recording an inseparable component.

• The drive that (ie, two sets of wheels ) or can exist for each front and rear bogie of each a (mostly ) rigid axle front and rear with steel flanged wheels. Almost all modern railroad cars are four axes with two -axle bogies, heavy freight cars are usually six axes each with two three-axle bogies. Increasingly trains are used, which have a weight-saving car design with only ever a Jakobs truck between two cars. In Germany, to about in the 1960s and cars spread with three axes.

• The suspension between the car body / frame and drive. This connects both parts elastically with each other, thus driving the quietness and safety. Next to the leaf springs are used in modern vehicles, including coil springs, rubber springs and air springs are used, often in combination with each other.

• However, the braking system with its standardized components such as compressed air lines, tanks, brake valves, hydraulic components and brake pads, modern coaches often have disc brakes. Freight cars and passenger coaches older types are usually equipped with brake shoes.

Transportation of rail cars on the road is possible by road scooters that were developed in 1931 by Johann Culemeyer.

Existence of the railway carriage

In Germany in 2003 the following vehicles in stock the German Bahn AG and other railway companies: