Rana (genus)

American marsh frog ( Rana palustris)

The Real frogs (Rana, from the Latin " the frog " ) are the most species-rich genus within the family of the Real frogs ( Ranidae ).

Features

The Real frogs are medium to large, powerful Anura with long hind legs that enable them to long jumps ( to compare anatomy: Neobatrachia ). The skin is smoother and more humid than the toads; they lack also parotid glands. For this stretch along the back two glands strips that start behind the eyes and reach into the hip region. The snout is more pointed; the eardrum is usually large and clearly visible. The oval pupils are placed horizontally. Between the toes of the hind feet are usually well-trained webbed. The males of the Real frogs often have vocal sacs - at the water frogs these are paired created for eversion behind the mouth. Brown frogs call only fairly quiet with internal vocal sacs.

Mating takes place with a axillary grip of the male, so backwards behind the front legs of the female. In order not to slip, the males develop so-called Bruns sealed Wielen. The spawn is delivered usually in the form of chunky gelatinous balls into the water.

Distribution and taxonomy

The genus Rana comes with around 270 species worldwide of the cold - temperate to tropical zones in the front. By far the greatest diversity of forms is to be found in Southeast Asia, followed by Africa, North and South America. The fauna of Australia is one of only one species ( Rana daemeli ), which is also the only member of the family Ranidae on this continent.

In Europe, about 22 taxa occur, the counting because of the very complex and still not conclusively clarified phylogenetic relationships of the green or water frogs - currently are about 13 species and hybrids for the European area is known - is still provisional. In addition to the water frogs are here according to appearance and lifestyle so-called brown frogs distinguished (cf., for example, grass, mud and jumping frog). Recent phylogenetic work require a further subdivision of the taxon in different genera, since there Rana is considered paraphyletic collection genus. Many authors point about the green or water frogs got their own genus Pelophylax to. The North American bullfrog is then placed in a genus Lithobates. In the genus Rana then only about 50 species would remain.

Species

  • Group European brown frogs Rana arvalis Nilsson, 1842 - Moor Frog
  • Rana dalmatina Fitzinger in Bonaparte, 1839 - Leaping Frog
  • Rana graeca Boulenger, 1891 - Greek frog
  • Rana iberica Boulenger, 1879 - Spanish Frog
  • Rana italica Dubois, 1987 - Italian Frog
  • Rana latastei Boulenger, 1879 - Italian Agile Frog
  • Rana macrocnemis Boulenger, 1885 - Asian small brown frog
  • Rana pyrenaica Serra- Cobo, 1993 - Pyrenees Frog
  • Rana temporaria Linnaeus, 1758 - Common Frog
  • Rana cf bedriagae ( Camerano, 1882) - Bedriagas water frog
  • Rana bergeri Günther in Engelmann, Fritzsche, Günther & Fruit, 1986 - Italian water frog
  • Rana cerigensis Beerli, Hotz, Tunner, Heppich & Uzzell, 1994 - Karpathos Frog
  • Rana cretensis Beerli, Hotz, Tunner, Heppich & Uzzell, 1994 - Crete - water frog
  • Rana epeirotica Schneider, Sofianidou & Kyriakopoulou - Sklavounou, 1984 - Epirus Water Frog
  • Rana " esculenta " Linnaeus, 1758 - Pond Frog
  • Rana " graphic " Crochet, Dubois, Ohler & Tunner, 1995 - Count shear hybrid frog
  • Rana " hispanica " Bonaparte, 1839 - Italian hybrid frog
  • Rana kurtmuelleri Gayda, 1940 - Balkan Frog
  • Rana lessonae Camerano, 1882 - Pool Frog
  • Rana perezi Seoane, 1885 - Iberian water frog
  • Rana ridibunda Pallas, 1771 - Marsh Frog
  • Rana shqiperica Hotz, Uzzell, Günther, Tunner & Heppich, 1987 - Skadar water frog
  • Rana adenopleura
  • Rana albotuberculata
  • Rana alticola
  • Rana amamiensis
  • Rana amurensis
  • Rana andersonii
  • Rana anlungensis
  • Rana areolata Baird & Girard, 1852 - Cancer Frog
  • Rana arfaki
  • Rana asiatica
  • Rana attigua
  • Rana aurantiaca
  • Rana aurata
  • Rana aurora
  • Rana bacboensis
  • Rana banaorum
  • Rana banjarana
  • Rana spell anica
  • Rana baramica
  • Rana berlandieri
  • Rana blairi
  • Rana bolavensis
  • Rana boylii
  • Rana brownorum
  • Rana bwana
  • Rana caldwelli
  • Rana Camerani
  • Rana cangyuanensis
  • Rana capito
  • Rana caralitana
  • Rana cascadae
  • Rana catesbeiana Shaw, 1802 - American Bullfrog
  • Rana celebensis
  • Rana chalconota
  • Rana chaochiaoensis
  • Rana chapaensis
  • Rana charlesdarwini
  • Rana chensinensis
  • Rana chevronta
  • Rana chichicuahutla
  • Rana chiricahuensis
  • Rana chitwanensis
  • Rana chloronota
  • Rana chosenica
  • Rana clamitans Latreille in Sonnini de Manon Court & Latreille, 1801 - Common Frog
  • Rana cordofana
  • Rana coreana
  • Rana crassiovis
  • Rana cubital
  • Rana culaiensis
  • Rana curtipes
  • Rana daemeli ( Steindachner, 1868) - Australian Forest Frog
  • Rana danieli
  • Rana daun china
  • Rana debussyi
  • Rana demarchii
  • Rana draytonii
  • Rana dunni
  • Rana dybowskii
  • Rana elberti
  • Rana emeljanovi
  • Rana erythraea ( Schlegel, 1837) - Rotohrfrosch
  • Rana eschatia
  • Rana everetti
  • Rana faber
  • Rana fisheri ( Stejneger, 1893 ) - Las Vegas Leopard Frog
  • Rana florensis
  • Rana forreri
  • Rana fukienensis
  • Rana garoensis
  • Rana garritor
  • Rana gigatympana
  • Rana glandulosa
  • Rana gracilis
  • Rana grahami
  • Rana graminea
  • Rana grandocula
  • Rana grisea
  • Rana grylio Stejneger, 1901 - Pig Frog
  • Rana guentheri
  • Rana hanluica
  • Rana heatwolei
  • Rana tail cheri
  • Rana hejiangensis
  • Rana hmongorum
  • Rana Holsti Boulenger, 1892 - Dagger Frog
  • Rana holtzi
  • Rana hosii
  • Rana huanrensis
  • Rana hubeiensis
  • Rana humeralis
  • Rana igorota
  • Rana indeprensa
  • Rana ishikawae
  • Rana japonica
  • Rana jiemuxiensis
  • Rana jimiensis
  • Rana johni
  • Rana johnsi
  • Rana juliani
  • Rana kampeni
  • Rana khalam
  • Rana kreffti
  • Rana kuangwuensis
  • Rana kukunoris
  • Rana kunyuensis
  • Rana labialis
  • Rana lateralis
  • Rana laterimaculata
  • Rana latouchii
  • Rana lemosespinali
  • Rana leporipes
  • Rana leptoglossa
  • Rana lini
  • Rana livida
  • Rana longicrus
  • Rana lubrica
  • Rana luctuosa
  • Rana lungshengensis
  • Rana luteiventris
  • Rana luzonensis
  • Rana macrodactyla
  • Rana macroglossa
  • Rana macrops
  • Rana macrotympana
  • Rana maculata
  • Rana magnaocularis
  • Rana malabarica Tschudi, 1838
  • Rana mangyanum
  • Rana maosonensis
  • Rana margaretae
  • Rana margariana
  • Rana megalonesa
  • Rana megapoda
  • Rana megatympanum
  • Rana melanomenta
  • Rana miadis
  • Rana milleti
  • Rana milneana
  • Rana minima
  • Rana miopus
  • Rana mocquardii
  • Rana moellendorffi
  • Rana moluccana
  • Rana monjerai
  • Rana montezumae
  • Rana montivaga
  • Rana morafkai
  • Rana mortenseni
  • Rana muscosa
  • Rana narina
  • Rana neovolcanica
  • Rana nigrolineata
  • Rana nigromaculata
  • Rana nigrotympanica
  • Rana nigrovittata
  • Rana Kookaburra
  • Rana oatesii
  • Rana okaloosae
  • Rana okinavana
  • Rana omeimontis
  • Rana omiltemana
  • Rana onca Cope in Yarrow, 1875 - Vegas Panthers Frog
  • Rana orba
  • Rana ornativentris
  • Rana palmipes
  • Rana papua
  • Rana parvaccola
  • Rana persimilis
  • Rana picturata
  • Rana pipiens Schreber, 1782 - Leopard Frog
  • Rana Pirica
  • Rana plancyi
  • Rana pleuraden
  • Rana porosa
  • Rana pretiosa
  • Rana psaltes
  • Rana pseudodalmatina
  • Rana psilonota
  • Rana pueblae
  • Rana pustular
  • Rana raniceps
  • Rana rotadora
  • Rana rufipes
  • Rana rugosa
  • Rana saharica
  • Rana sakuraii
  • Rana sanguinea
  • Rana sangzhiensis
  • Rana sauteri
  • Rana andScutigera
  • Rana senchalensis
  • Rana septentrionalis
  • Rana sevosa
  • Rana shuchinae
  • Rana Siberu
  • Rana sierrae
  • Rana sierramadrensis
  • Rana signata
  • Rana similis
  • Rana sinica
  • Rana spectabilis
  • Rana sphenocephala
  • Rana spinulosa
  • Rana subaspera
  • Rana supragrisea
  • Rana supranarina
  • Rana swinhoana
  • Rana taipehensis
  • Rana tarahumarae
  • Rana tavasensis
  • Rana taylori
  • Rana temporalis
  • Rana tenggerensis
  • Rana tenuoplicata
  • Rana terentievi
  • Rana tiannanensis
  • Rana tientaiensis
  • Rana Tipanan
  • Rana tlaloci
  • Rana trankieni
  • Rana tsushimensis
  • Rana tytleri
  • Rana utsunomiyaorum
  • Rana vaillanti
  • Rana varians
  • Rana versabilis
  • Rana vibicaria
  • Rana virgatipes
  • Rana viridireticulata
  • Rana volker jane
  • Rana waliesa
  • Rana warszewitschii
  • Rana weiningensis
  • Rana wuchuanensis
  • Rana yavapaiensis
  • Rana zhaoi
  • Rana zhengi
  • Rana zhenhaiensis
  • Rana zweifeli
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