Reaction ferry

(Also called " greed ferry" or "Flying Bridge") A cable ferry is a Fährtyp greed that exploits the flow of the river to be crossed for locomotion.

The technique of greed ferry (from " lust " in the sense of " rotational movement around the vertical axis of the vessel " ) invented the Dutchman Hendrick Heuck from Nijmegen in 1657 to facilitate the traffic over the wide Waal.

Operation

A cable ferry greed or lust Ponte how this ferry was also called, attached to a long rope that divides just before the ferry. One end of the rope is attached at the bow and one at the stern of the ferry. Now changed the length of the ends to each other, and the angle of the ferry to the current changes. Only this setting the rope ends is happening today with engine power, moreover, the ferry is motorlos. The pressure of the inflowing water it pushes to the appropriate bank. The wire rope is anchored themselves in the river and marked with buoys for navigation. Thus the fairway remains free, the anchor is not in the middle of the river for the wire rope.

Another technique - the Rollfähre - used instead of a Y- greed rope two separate ropes that run on trolleys or rollers on a standing on the banks with the help of two pylons high above the water tensioned steel cable, making the river traffic is not impeded. According to this principle the ferry from Polle works at the Weser. There is also greed retractable ferries with only a rope, as in the Danube ferries in Matting and solar fleet in Ulm. The drive is in Polle by two ( or in Matting and in Ulm only by a ) rudder, which generate by screwing into the flow of the river the desired forces.

Mathematical and physical principles

  • By proper adjustment of the angle α ferry relative to the flow is first ensured that the forces - more precisely, the vector sum of rope forces plus flow forces - exert total on the ferry no torque. This happens largely autonomous, that is, with minimal support the ferryman, and only by the above- mentioned " auxiliary engine ": Until about setting the correct angle to the ferry slowly rotates under the influence of the above mentioned torque enough and " self " in a clockwise or opposite to it about the vertical axis.
  • The vector of the resultant force can be decomposed into two perpendicular components α now, the longitudinal component Ky = K sin α and the transverse component Kx = K cos. The longitudinal component is compensated by the rope forces. Concerned by the remaining transverse component of the system is " self " (that is ultimately determined by the pressure of the flow ), the motorless crossing the river.

Dissemination

One reason for the proliferation of greed ferries on the Elbe, Saale, Main and Neckar in the late 19th and early 20th century was the chain shipping. Chain tugs dressed and attached cargo ships upriver along a lying along the river chain. The chain was removed from the front chain ships from the bottom of the river, dragged across the deck and rear vented back into the river. A crossover of this chain to the rope of the rope ferry was not possible. Therefore, with the introduction of chain shipping, we have moved on greed cable ferries. This change had to be paid by the chain towage companies.

A high density of greed ferries can be found in Germany on the Elbe and the Weser. More greed ferries operate on the Saale near calbe (Saale ) in the district of the grace of God and of the victory between Bonn- Geislar and Troisdorf- Bergheim. Also on the Rhine were between the 17th and 20th centuries "Flying Bridge " is a common means of transport for crossing the stream, for example, Cologne ( 1670 ), Dusseldorf ( 1689 ), between Bonn and Vilich, Koblenz and Ehrenbreitstein (see Flying bridge ( Koblenz ) ), Neuwied and white tower (1817 ) and between Altrip and Mannheim. Today there are only a few on the Rhine greed cable ferries, for example, in Basel and Plittersdorf ( Rastatt ). The Basel ferries are only usable for pedestrians and have because of the nearby Rhine bridges only a small traffic engineering significance. They are obtained primarily from historical and tourist reasons. As a special feature the ferries in Basel have no greed hurry, but to reverse the flow design, the tether is attached with a dick on the other side of the boat. Otherwise, there are simplified Roll ferries, which moves the tether by a runner on a supporting cable. This is high over the Rhine curious as not to impede navigation on the Rhine.

The state government of Saxony -Anhalt will receive greed cable ferries because they represent an environmentally friendly, emission -free and cost-effective transportation.

In Austria, run across the Danube rolling four ferries:

  • " Rope bridge Ottenheim "
  • Rollfähre Spitz Arnsdorf
  • Rollfähre of white churches to St. Lorenz
  • Rollfähre Korneuburg - Klosterneuburg

Switzerland

The cable ferries (usually with dick, rarely with the V-shaped greed rope) are at different locations in Switzerland have been preserved as pedestrian crossings. Often they are operated or supported in recreational areas of the municipalities. Guiding a ferry requires special authorization checks to ensure safety. Thus, the following cable ferries are preserved and have more or less regular ferry service:

  • Four Basel ferries across the Rhine
  • Bodenacher ferry across the river Aare in Muri bei Bern with dick
  • Ferry Reichenbach on the river Aare near Zollikofen (since 1743) with dick
  • Zehendermaetteli ferry over the river Aare near Bern with dick
  • Wynau ferry on the river Aare near Wolfwil
  • Ferry across the river Reuss near Sulz
  • Ferry across the Rhine at Obermumpf
  • Ferry across the Rhine at Kadelburg - Barz ( Zurzach ) with dick
  • Ferry across the Sitter in Bischofszell with greed rope

Cable ferry across the Danube in Matting

Greed Ponte Bonn- Vilich ( 1676 )

Rollfähre between Veckerhagen and Hemeln (Weser)

Greed cable ferry in Dommitzsch, Elbe, Kite Aerial Photography Recording

Waal (river) Shipping route Chain boat navigation Ottensheim Reinhardshagen
264326
de