Refuge castle

As Fliehburg (also a refuge, People's castle, castle builder or Vryburg ) is called a castle-like, usually surrounded by ramparts defense system, which was not permanently inhabited, but a locally resident population served as a temporary retreat in danger of war. In earlier times, such investments were described as giant castles, since their formation was attributed to burial.

History

In Europe (mostly more than 100 m in diameter ) detected the early era, which are interpreted as Fliehburgen by archaeological excavations a variety of large-scale ramparts. About ancient historiography, among other things designated by Caesar as oppidum Fliehburgen the Gauls are known, however, could also be permanent settlements. Similar ring walls also built the various Germanic and Slavic peoples, the latter well into the time of the Middle Ages into it. Such systems are also known as hill forts, their building materials is mainly earth, but also of wood and stone were used in various construction methods.

As a rule, they have no towers, but partly come gate tower -like superstructures (see Bennigser castle ) before. Fliehburgen this type belonged to unpaved rural settlements and offered in case of enemy attack, the population of a region protection, while the settlements fell victim to most of the looting and destruction by the attacker. In the event of a siege, the vast Fliehburgen could also be equipped with supplies.

Later in the Middle Ages this form of castle was built by the local farmers. This farmer castles were the rural population as protection against marauding hordes war. The fortifications were mostly not much in common with the built residences of the nobility as castles, but often only consisted of earthworks and palisades on defensible altitudes.

Since Fliehburgen were mostly no permanent settlements, a few legacies are found during archaeological excavations often.

The medieval fortified churches and castles church served as Fliehburgen. They were used primarily as a village church, were also suitable as a temporary refuge for the villagers by fixing however. The wall of the cemetery, which served as a cemetery in its actual function was expanded in fortified churches to a defensible perimeter wall, and also the church tower could take over defense function.

Fliehburgen in Germany

  • Allersburg at Loiperstätt between Villages and Velden ( Vils)
  • Amelung Castle (Weser mountain country)
  • Amoeneburg (Hessen)
  • Babilonie ( Wiehengebirge )
  • Borlinghausen
  • Büraburg (Hessen)
  • Bumannsburg in Bergkamen
  • Döben
  • Dünsberg (Hessen)
  • Eresburg
  • Eringaburg
  • Eirings or Iringsburg south of Bad Kissingen
  • Grotenburg (at the Hermann Monument in the Teutoburg Forest)
  • Heidenlöcher in Deidesheim
  • Heidenschanze at Sievern
  • Herlingsburg in Schieder- Schwalenberg
  • Hohensyburgstraße in Dortmund- Syburg
  • Hünenburg ( at Hedemünden )
  • Hünenburg in Bielefeld
  • Isenburg
  • Jansburg at Coesfeld in Münster
  • Late Roman height mounting Katzenberg in Mayen
  • Kukesburg
  • Mettermich (Rhön )
  • Plößnitz
  • Riding Ling attachments
  • Ringgenburg ( Schmalegg )
  • Ring Wall Venne in Kotte forest near Bonn
  • Robisch, Dohna
  • Sachsenbergstraße
  • Skidroburg in Schieder -Schwalenberg
  • Tönsberg ( Teutoburg Forest)
  • Tüddern
  • Wallenberg of large Fredenwalde in Uckermark
  • Wartberg (Heilbronn)
  • Wittekindsburg Porta Westfalica

Fliehburgen in Austria

  • Fliehburg at Duel / Paternion (Carinthia ):
  • Castle Cross / Bad crosses ( Upper Austria )
Lower Lusatia Classical antiquity Germanic peoples Dorfen Velden (Vils) Weser Uplands Schieder-Schwalenberg Bad Kreuzen
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