Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation or rehabilitation ( mittellat.: rehabilitatio, "Recovery " ) refers to the aspiration or her success, to put a man back to its previously existing physical condition (medical rehabilitation, vocational rehabilitation cf. Berufsförderungswerk ), or in his former social or legal position (eg, restoration of honor).

In addiction therapy and in technical processes one speaks of recuperation.

  • 2.1 Victims of Nazi military justice
  • 2.2 victims of the SED Dictatorship
  • 2.3 Victims of Stalinism

Disambiguation and differentiation

The term rehabilitation is used in different contexts:

Medicine and working life

  • In medicine it refers to the use and the effect of measures that aim, the physical, psychological and social consequences of a disability or activity limitation (English formerly Disability, now: Activity ) and disturbance of participation (formerly handicap now: Participation) be kept to a minimum.
  • In the social and labor rehabilitation life today means the reintegration into everyday life or professional life.

The definition of rehabilitation is to be found in the Technical Report 668/1981 of the World Health Organization ( WHO). It says: "Rehabilitation includes the coordinated use of medical, social, vocational, educational and technical measures as well as influences on the physical and social environment for functional improvement to reach a maximum intrinsic activity for the maximum participation in all areas of life, so that the person in his way of life as free is as possible. "

The rehabilitative medicine therefore differs fundamentally from the curative medicine, whose mission is to cure disease. This is also reflected by the different classification of the respective classifications. The disease diagnostic classification: International Classification of Diseases ( ICD) from 1903, and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health ( ICF) from the year 2001.

Political Context

In the political context of a rehabilitation refers to those actions that are set to a flat rate to restore the reputation and the reputation of a person or group of persons targeted after it has been discredited by a previous action. There are, for example, in the party jurisdiction of the political parties particular types of procedures before the party courts that decide as arbitration courts in rehabilitation matters at the request of the person concerned.

Rehabilitation in the political sense

With a political rehabilitation accompanied several steps. First, the investments made in the past judgments, laws, or procedures must be abolished; the first step is a legal rehabilitation, which requires a clear political will. In the second step, a political and social rehabilitation is necessary because " [ m] oreover, rehabilitation, of which neither the disgraced, punished and know ostracized people, nor the for rehabilitation competent Ministry (...), and certainly not the public, is not rehabilitation " a satisfactory political rehabilitation requires a longer process that has to take place in public and must be brought to all affected state agencies with instructions for information.

Victims of Nazi military justice

Examples of such a political rehabilitation is the rehabilitation of deserters and generally victims of Nazi military justice. This began in Germany with a gradual legal rehabilitation in 1991 and 1995 and a 1997 policy in the Bundestag, in Austria in 2005 by the same legal and political 2005 at the National Council. Decisive in Germany was, the repeal of National Socialist injustice judgments in criminal justice.

Victims of the SED Dictatorship

The restitution of state injustice that was perpetrated in the Soviet occupation zone or East Germany is referred to as rehabilitation and is governed by three laws:

  • Criminal Law Rehabilitation Act, which contains provisions on legal anti-state deprivations of liberty (such as in youth work farms ),
  • Legal Administrative Rehabilitation Act,
  • Professional Rehabilitation Act.

Victims of Stalinism

Beginning 1953/1954 of de-Stalinization wrongly convicted victims of Stalinism were rehabilitated in the Soviet Union in the frame.

Rehabilitation in the international context

Since 1922 there Rehabilitation International, a network of experts and professionals in the rehabilitation with the goal of a barrier-free and open society to create. At the level of EU co including the major social insurance in so-called " Euro forums", including the " Euro Forum Social Pension Insurance"

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