Retinoic acid

The retinoic acid (synonym: Vitamin A acids ) are a group consisting of isoprenoid carboxylic acids. They form a subgroup of retinoids and are therefore terpenes.

Representation

Retinoic acids produced by oxidation of retinal and are therefore products of oxidation of retinol:

Add small amounts of all-trans- retinoic acid and 13-cis -retinoic acid are formed in vitamin A metabolism.

Biochemistry

In addition to the already known effect of longer (11 -cis ) retinal in the process of seeing the influence on gene expression has been investigated in detail only in the last two decades. The active compound here is a retinoic acid, for which the cell has receptors. Retinoic acids exert influence on growth and cell differentiation - mechanisms that play an important role in embryogenesis and tumorigenesis. Therefore, retinoic acids are used in conditions such as acne, psoriasis locally therapeutically or in tumors than drugs. They are highly teratogenic in systemic therapy. Retinoic acids bind to the Retinoic Acid Receptor orphan, with effects on metabolism, immune system, embryonic development, angiogenesis, and the circadian rhythm. Retinoic acids activate regulatory T cells.