Ringerike style

Formation

Towards the beginning of the 11th century arose from the Mammen style by developing certain features of the Ringerike style. The influences of the Ottonian and Anglo-Saxon book painting intensified and led to a further emphasis on the floral vine pattern, which thereby gained even more weight than the main subject. The introduction of the Ringerike style coincides with the Christianization of Scandinavia and Iceland. It is therefore assumed that this style was disseminated under the auspices of the emerging Christian church. As evidence of this, the Church of Flatatunga panels can be used in Iceland, which probably originally the Cathedral of Hólar, one of the two dioceses isländlischen adorned. The Paneelreste are the oldest surviving parts of the church decorations in Scandinavia.

Characterization

  • Figures, that is, people and animal representations
  • Illustrations of plants ( vines, leaves )
  • Geometric figures (circles, triangles, spirals )

The Ringerike style uses the same animal figures, as the previous Mammen style: lion ( or Large Animal), bird and snake. The innovations of the Ringerike style consist in the tighter, clearer outline of the subjects which are now shown in more naturalistic. The Ringerike style also puts more emphasis on symmetric representations, often climbing vines can be arranged in a mirror on an axis, so on some rune stones. The leaf and appearing for the first time in Mammen style tendril ornaments strongly expanded in the Ringerike style and give it its characteristic appearance. The tendrils works are typically arranged in two different ways: once they can from bills of broad lobes and narrow tendrils exist. In the other case of interwoven thin tendrils. These groups of narrow tendrils shoots were taken from the Ottonian book art, while the change from narrow-leaved and broad tendrils his models in the Anglo-Saxon art has .. The vines are mostly asymmetrically placed outside of the main subject and thus serve as a filling free space.

The finds of decorated in the Ringerike style objects in England show that The Anglo-Saxon moved by the Danish conquest and incorporation into the North Sea Empire Canute the Great again closer to the Scandinavian culture. Since the Anglo-Saxon book painting traditionally used vine pattern, it could be fairly easy combine with the Ringerike style. The Stone of St. Paul's in London or the initial in a manuscript from Cambridge are examples of this synthesis.

Ringerike style in Ireland

Ship flag of Heggen, Buskerud, Norway. On one side a lion or so -called Large animal together with a smaller lion, on the other hand a bird fighting a serpent. Thus, the three main motives of the Ringerike style are combined on one piece.

Wooden fragments of wall panels from a farmstead in Flatatunga, Iceland. Ornaments in the Ringerike style. The panels part of a church from the early 11th century were Thereafter, used for centuries as timber originally.

Example finds

  • Stone of Vang, Oppland, Norway
  • Stone of Alstad, Buskerud, Norway
  • Weathervanes of Söderala, Gävleborg, Sweden, Heggen, Buskerud, Norway, Källunge, Gotland, Sweden and Tingelstad, Oppland, Norway.
  • Stone of St. Paul's, London, United Kingdom
  • Wandpaneelfragmente of Flatatunga, Iceland
  • Psalter of Cambridge
Viking Age Runestone Ottonian dynasty Miniature (illuminated manuscript) Vang stone Animal style Urnes style Oseberg style Jelling style
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