RÅben
Robes or Ryoben (Japanese良 弁; * 689 in the province Ōmi; † 773; posthumously: Konshō Gyoja ) was a Buddhist monk scholar (僧 学者, sōgakusha ) Japanese Nara period. He is regarded as the second patriarch of the Kegon shū and driving force behind the construction of the Todai -ji. He led the eye opening ceremony of the local Vairocana Buddha statue and was the first head of this important temple.
Life
Robes is originally from the province Ōmi. Tradition holds that he was taken at the age of two years from a gold-colored eagle, which then took off him before the Kasuga Shrine in Nara. He is from Gien (义 渊; † 728 ) have been saved, who instructed him in the doctrines of Hosso school.
According to legend, it was from his parents ( Uji: Tadatoki ), in their visit to the Todai -ji thereby recognized that had him desperately wanted that he showed them a small Shukongō -jin Shozo figure ( he had had on the body).
In the year 733 (? 728 ) founded the Shōmu moved - tennō for him the consumer -ji (金钟 寺), which was later extended to the Todai -ji (东大寺).
( Jap. doses 702-760 ) were brought to Japan, learned of it there but still no significant reception, the teachings of the Chinese Huayan Been year 736 by the Chinese Vinaya Master Dao Xuan. Establishing the based on the Huayan Kegon shū it came only after it was robes managed to persuade the Shōmu moved - tennō in 740 to the Korean monk Simsang (Chinese审 祥, Pinyin Shenxiang, Japanese Shinsho ) to invite the imperial court, there to give a talk about the Kegon Sutra. Three years later, it came on adoption of Shōmu moved - tennō to build the Daibutsu Mahavairocana in Todai -ji, also the Kegon Sutra was determined as a supreme Sutra of the country, which is commonly marked the beginning of the Kegon shū by their recognition by the Tenno.
In the consumer -ji was under Robens line fourth day of the 12th lunar month of the year 744 the first time the victim of the " ten thousand lamps " instead.
In imperial command, he founded 749 in his home province Ōmi, the Ishiyama -dera ( now belonging to the Shingon ), which was because of his from 804 regularly held Nehan -e, which was usually held by the monks of the Hosso or Sanron school famous.
Robes was 752 appointed by the Shōmu moved - tennō the first head of the Todai -ji and received while the specially newly created title of Betto ( head of a large temple ). 760 he was appointed Sojo ( head priest ) appointed. In Kaizan - dō (开山 堂) of the temple is his statue today.
Robes was the successor of Shinjō and thus the second patriarch of the Kegon shū. Their interpretation of the Kegon Sutra had been taught by the Korean monk Shinjo. He had also, along with Gyoji, large impact on the Shomu - tennō.
Furthermore, he shall, after he had returned after the consecration of Vairocana at the age of 48 years in his home Ōmi have on a mountain found a statue of Fudo Myo - ō. After three years of reclusive meditation, he erected to commemorate this miraculous event the Ukosan Daisan -ji.
The Afuri - jinsha on the mountain Ōyama ( Kanagawa Prefecture) traces its founding - as Ōyama -dera - also back to him. In fact, the shrine was probably built later. Is there a picture scroll kept dating back to 1532, which retells the legend abduction.
Swell
Much of the biographical information given above are legendary, and historically difficult verifiable. They can be found scattered in the Japanese Empire stories and classic works of history such as:
- Kōen; (皇 圆;? 1119-69 ); Fuso ryakki (扶桑 略 记); Period: 1094-1189 [ no German translation]
- Kangon (观 严, 1151-1236 ); Todai -ji Yoroku (东大寺 要 绿); History of Todai -ji presumably 1134.
Modern text edition (Japanese ) Mizuno Tadanaka (ed. ); Todai -ji Yoroku; Tōkyō 1988 ( Ōzorasha ); ISBN 4-7568-02656