Roller shutter

A roller shutter, high in the Swiss German and Store ( fem ) in Swiss German usually Store ( s) ( mask ) is a rolling financial statements, which serves as an additional degree of opening.

It is usually mounted externally in front of a window or a door and, depending on the design meet different protection features, such as sound, burglar resistance, thermal insulation, privacy. Technically, he is like a roller door.

  • 3.1 Thermal insulation
  • 3.2 Thermal insulation in summer
  • 3.3 Sound insulation
  • 3.4 Wind and weather protection
  • 3.5 burglary
  • 3.6 Overview and light protection
  • 4.1 Conventional installation
  • 4.2 essay shutters
  • 4.3 On or mounted roller shutters

History of the shutter

The origins of the shutter are rooted in simple folding wooden shutters. Such shutters have been used in Roman times and served as a visual barrier. In the 18th century, the French blinds that were the first rigid, later by bands contractible ( Venetian blinds ) developed. In a further step blinds were developed, which were rolled up by a shaft ( roller blinds). This was what we today shutter.

Since 1961, the current roller shutter and sun protection technicians craft is (formerly roller shutter and Jalousiebau ) represented in Germany by the Federal Association of Roller Shutters and Sun Protection eV. The roller shutters and sun protection technicians trade is also responsible for external and internal sun protection such as awnings, blinds, venetian blinds, shutters, rolling grills, rolling doors, blackouts, insect repellent, Interior shading and associated drives and controls.

Components of a shutter

Rolling armor

The shutter curtain or roller shutter consists of pivotally interconnected blinds rods ( also called roller shutter profiles ). He is the protective part of the rolling financial statements, which closes the opening. Depending on requirements, it can be designed differently. The most commonly used materials are

  • Plastics, predominantly rigid PVC,
  • Aluminum, often foamed with polyurethane,
  • Wood, typically pine wood,
  • Steel and stainless steel.

The rolling shutter slats are available in various dimensions. We distinguish between left -and right- rolling tanks. To distinguish these, the shutter from the inside you have to introduce yourself to the left. When the shaft rotates when rolling in a clockwise direction, it is a right scooter, the other way around, accordingly, a left rolling. The profiles most commonly used are double-walled, with the exception of wood profiles and the rarely occurring walled aluminum profiles, and partially filled with foam, which brings greater stability.

The rods, except wood shutters are pushed into each other. In the lower part of the tank ( usually 3 /4 to 2 /3 of the tank height ) profiles are provided with light slots. Through them, you can regulate the amount of light and ventilation almost infinitely. The ventilation of the blinds are essential in summer, so that no heat between window and roller shutter jammed. A pull-in of the roller shutter in the shutter box is prevented by the stop plug at the end bars or Winkelendstab. When engine operation, the endpoint is set on the motor, so that the stop is not required depending on engine type. Modern engines have an end-point detection, so no adjustment of the motor is necessary. Thus, the roller shutter has a grounding protection, and can no longer accrue as on patio furniture.

The tank must be secured against shifting the individual rods, as this may affect its function. This can be by clamping or Arretierungsstücke which are attached to each second bar on both sides and are provided about the rod width, so that the rods can not be pulled apart, can be prevented. The pin locking with small steel pins are placed in the bars, which connect the profiles. This locking is not without problems, as the pins can loosen over time. Most used one Arretierungsstücke in aluminum and steel profiles, power clip and Klammerarretierung plastic profiles. Depending on the type of blinds you can also place Sheets ( "Roll compartment cover " or " deflector " ) laterally into the boxes.

PVC

PVC rods are light, cheap, offer the best thermal insulation and are easy to maintain. Disadvantages are its flexibility, the application range is limited ( up to 2 m without amplification) and the lack of burglary. A rapid yellowing is now prevented by additives in the formulations.

"You should close the plastic blinds in use as a sunscreen never quite, but always put on light slot to ensure ventilation of the shutter. "

By this simple measure, the distortion of the roller shutter can be avoided by great heat. Due to aging of rolling armor is harder. Standard colors are white, gray, beige or wood color, but by modern plastics, there are also many additional colors like blue, yellow and red.

Aluminum

For aluminum rods are distinguished roll-formed and extruded aluminum tanks. Roll-formed profiles have a thin wall and are therefore generally filled with foam to sufficiently give them stability. Due to the reduced use of material they are lighter and usually less expensive than extruded profiles. Extruded profiles have a thick wall, making them safer and more stable, but also more expensive and heavier than roll-formed. Often, these tanks are hollow, sometimes they have a PVC insert in the chamber or are filled with foam. They are used for example in security roller shutters. Foam-filled aluminum rods have good sound insulation. They offer a good burglary in coordination with the entire roller shutters and in combination with an anti-lift device, are quite resistant to bending, weather resistant, but also relatively expensive and heavier than PVC tanks.

Steel

Steel tanks are very sturdy and heavy, which makes them interesting as protection against break-ins. This is also the main area of ​​application, since they are very expensive compared to foam-filled aluminum tanks.

Wood

Wooden shutters are not pushed into each other, but chained together. Before being used as rolling armor they need to be protected against the weather. This is done using glazes and paints. They can be used up to a large width and offer a good burglary protection, but are also very expensive, heavy, maintenance-intensive, open to the elements. Although they have no light slots, but can be made with a pull chaining. Since wood shutters are made from a renewable resource, they are highly recommended from an environmental point of view. Today they are only manufactured by a few manufacturers, for use in conservation and old rod forms are produced, so preserved, historic wooden shutters on buildings from the period or the Art Nouveau thoroughly restored and missing parts can be faithfully completed.

Guide rails

The guide rails are used for lateral guidance of the roller shutter, as well as for deriving from the outside acting on the tank forces, for example from wind pressure. They are U-shaped and usually are made from the materials mentioned above.

Box and Roll compartment trim

The shutter box is an enclosure around the rolling room in which is located in the state pulled up rolling armor including wave. In the boxes provided on site ( jig boxes, prefabricated boxes) sufficient thermal insulation is very important. Clamping boxes are made of particle board, which are lined with insulating material. Because they are adapted, insulated and secured in place, it is hard to expect a really good thermal insulation, because often drafts gaps and uninsulated surfaces arise.

Therefore, we used these days for new buildings are mainly manufactured boxes. These usually have a U or L shape and are insulated full-page from the outset. Boxes, which are attached as part of the window directly on this ( top boxes), consist mainly of plastic with an inner lining of insulating material. Stem boxes that sit in front of the window or on the masonry, are usually exclusively of aluminum and do not require thermal insulation, since they are located outside the heated envelope. Older roller shutters can also be sealed and insulated.

Wave

The roller shutter shaft is the part carrying the roll casing of the roller shutter on which winds up the roll tanks. The roll casing is fixed by means of special hangers or rails to the shaft. The wave nowadays most commonly used is a octagonal steel shaft. However, there are also circular waves and hexagonal shafts, both steel and wood. There are various diameter, including 40 mm, 60 mm and 70 mm. When choosing care should be taken especially to the manufacturer's recommended dimensions, because otherwise problems during winding and the ball diameter could occur. With heavy tanks roll reinforced steel shafts can be used. The deflection of the shaft must not exceed 1/500 of the wavelength, otherwise the problem winding the tank is not guaranteed. Since the steel shafts are hollow, tubular motors can be used, which are inserted into the shaft with them. There are also spring waves in which a spring is that is stretched when lowering the tank, leaving only small forces must be applied when pulling up.

Drive and control elements

There are several ways to use a shutter. When belt tension a belt is wrapped around a belt pulley that is located on the shaft and then into the living room. When pulling on the belt as the shaft rotates, and the rolling armor wraps onto the shaft. By its own weight, the tank wrapped by releasing the belt off again. Thus, the tank remains in its coiled position is located in the belt winder a brake that holds the strap. The tension on the belt must not exceed 150 N. To reduce the amount of force, it is possible, instead of a belt pulley, a transmission use. This, however, the webbing to be pulled according to the gear ratio of the transmission is longer. The belt must be straight, because it will wear out quickly. In light shutters can be used instead of the belt also cords that can be done around corners. However, one can muster in these less force.

For very heavy shutters, a similar system can be applied with a steel cable and a crank. Due to the large transmission of the crank only a small force needs to be applied in such systems.

When Crank gear sits a gear inside the box, which is connected to the shaft. This results in a square steel rod to a crank handle. As you turn the crank handle, the shaft is set in motion.

The most convenient Power is the motor tube. It is pushed into the shaft rotates. There are tubular motors in different strengths and speeds of rotation. The final positions at which the tank is to hold, can be set to the motor. There are motors which are controlled by radio, however, an electrical connection to the power system is always necessary. In conjunction with the roller shutter switches can automatically be moved up and down, for example, at certain times. An additional sun sensor allows a shutdown in sunshine in order to avoid heating of the room. Means twilight sensor or by timer to shut down the blinds at night. For an occupied house is simulated. In addition, the automatic shutdown of the blinds in winter ensures that as little as possible heating energy is lost through the windows.

Functions of a shutter

A shutter can fulfill different functions, depending on the version.

Thermal insulation

With proper installation can reduce heat loss at the window or at the door by up to 30 % a roller shutter. The thermal insulation depends on the material, the shape and thickness of the roller shutter. More importantly, the depth of the air space between blinds and windows. In addition to a leak of the shutter, especially between tanks and guide rails are guaranteed by piping and brushes. So that as little outside air is drawn into the roller shutter box, rolling shutter must be pressed at the impact of the suspensions (steel springs).

An additional insulation of the roller shutter box can be achieved by mounting in of of sealing strips at the exit slit of the box. ( Pulled high roller shutter ) Even with open roller blinds can be as an intrusion of cold air into the case be largely prevented. In older models blinds can set an audible improvement also acoustically. Important in the roller shutter boxes is also the right inspection cover. With modern plastic lids, which should not be papered over and have, a significant improvement of the insulation in the chest area can be achieved. Choosing the right inspection cover shall decide on the level of insulation of the roller shutter box system.

Summer heat insulation

By shielding the sunlight of wooden rolling shutter can be due to the material particularly effective in the summer before the heating of the room to protect. Shutters made ​​of plastic or metal blinds the other hand, heat up with prolonged sunlight comparatively strongly to radiate the heat to the interiors off and possibly make an air conditioner is required. Therefore, should be installed on the south side of a building preferred shutters made ​​of wood.

Sunlit shutters protect from heat when at least the light slots remain open. Otherwise, the trapped air between shutter and window is heated to very high temperatures. Across the window glass, the additional heat into the room.

Soundproofing

The level of sound insulation of a shutter depends among other things on the material of rolling armor and on the distance of the shell from the windowpane (the larger the more the sound). If the distance to the window pane of the blinds can even amplify sound. On tight seals, and adequate insulation of the rolling box should be respected. By placing seals ( profile with flexible and heat-or cold-resistant seal hose) at the outlet slit older blinds models can be acoustically optimized.

Wind and weather protection

By shutters can be prevented, causing breeze or trickle-through at not quite tight fitting windows. The effects of weather on windows and window frames are reduced. Although plastic shutters provide protection from hail, however, larger hailstones smashed the outer shell by direct impact. In severe hail, it is advisable, therefore, to have plastic shutters open.

Burglary

The blinds made ​​of plastic offers almost no protection against burglary, as it can be destroyed within minutes by cutting or burning through. For an ordinary burglary of armor made of aluminum, wood or steel, and the guide rails should be made of aluminum or steel. The roller shutter must be secured against pushing. When tested roller shutter systems, the resistance classes are ER1 (barely burglary ) awarded to ER6 (high burglary ). Motorised roller shutter can only move up a short piece because the geared motor blocks the axis. In addition, some blinds models are equipped with so-called quick connectors. You fix the roller shutter curtain stable on the shaft and hold a high pushing force of over 1000 Newton stood. Thus, the levering of the shutter is considerably more difficult. Some of the shutter boxes have a locking groove - when using spring clips - the roller shutter in the closed state pushes against this groove and achieves the same effect as with a motor-driven shutter.

Sight and light protection

The roller shutter is in the dark as a screen and allows in daylight darkening a room. He can also - like a roller blind - act as a sunscreen.

For office buildings daylight shutters are useful to block out at the top of the sun completely, but at the bottom of the intermediate parts have enable view to the outside. If the blinds left all the way down, then close those gaps. In another variant blinds are rotated when the slats are pushed to each other ( jalousierter blinds ). This also makes the view can be assured the surrounding area. Last but not least there is the opportunity to exhibit the rolling shutter, which additionally adjusts indirect lighting on the ceiling.

Types of Installation

There are several mounting options for roller shutter systems.

Conventional installation

The roller box sits above the window or door as a so-called lintel. It is usually covered from the outside by brick or plaster. The roller shutter curtain disappears visually in the masonry. This method is now used in most new buildings. Retrofitting is connected with unrealistically high effort and is therefore hardly made ​​.

Essay shutters

The box is mounted as part of the window or the door, on the window frame. This installation type is often used in replacement of windows. The disadvantage is that the amount of the actual window and thus decreases the window area, what with arched windows may destroy the lens particularly in older buildings.

Presence or mounted roller shutters

The shutter system is a standalone, self-contained system. The box including guide rails is mounted either on the walls outside the window or the door or in the soffit. Are roller shutter often used for the subsequent installation of the house, as they are retrofitted very easily. Because of this built-in variant no cavities above the window caused the formation of cold bridges ( condensation on the inside of the shutter boxes with the consequence of possible mold growth ) completely avoided, but it can vary depending on the size of the roller shutter box come to view restrictions. Roller shutter can be a home, with careful selection, visually enhance.

Roller shutter redevelopment

In many buildings, old shutters to windows and glass doors are installed to their original function still meet the requirements of current energy saving ( Energy Saving Ordinance ), however, no longer correspond. The EnEv stipulates that civil engineering standard requirements must be adhered to for the benefit of the energy performance of buildings both in new buildings and in the renovation of old buildings.

The resulting in boxes of older blinds thermal bridges can be insulated by a professional restoration, resulting in a better overall energy efficiency of the building and prevents the formation of mold. Molds arise in particular on internal walls where the temperature is below 12.6 ° C. If shutters are not insulated box, this critical temperature of the inner wall is fallen quickly in the winter due to the high heat loss and there is mold. After insulation of thermal bridges is located at an outside temperature of -5 ° C, the temperature at this critical point inside at 13.2 ° C. The reduced release of heat to the environment thus provides on the one hand for better energy efficiency and thus prevents the formation of mold on the other. Given a consistent insulation surrounding the heat bridges to reduce the heat loss is now up to 56 percent are possible with modern materials.

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