Rostislaw Kaischew
Rostislav Kaischew ( Bulg Ростислав Каишев; * 16 Februarjul / February 29 1908greg in Saint Petersburg, .. † 18 November 2002 in Sofia) was a Bulgarian physical chemist.
Kaischew one of the founders of the physico- chemical theory of phase formation, nucleation ( nucleation ) and crystal growth. Kaischew was Vice President of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics ( IUPAP ) and 1962-1968 Vice President of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences.
Life
Kaischew was born the son of a Bulgarian General of the Imperial General Staff Academy in Saint Petersburg. 1930 closed Rostislav Kaischew his studies in chemistry at the University of Sofia, where he studied with Professor of Physical Chemistry, Ivan Stranski. In the thermodynamics Franz Eugen Simon received his doctorate at the University of Breslau Kaischew with a thesis on the thermodynamic properties of the liquid and solid helium. In 1932 he was an assistant in the department of physical chemistry back to the University of Sofia. 1934 Kaischew again in Germany, this time with a scholarship from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. 1941 Kaischew received at the University of Sofia a position as a lecturer, 1947, he was Professor of Physical Chemistry and 1958 director and founder of the Institute for Physical Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. He retired in 1989.
Work
Kaischew provided a thermodynamic approach and the kinetic molecular approach in the treatment of crystal growth and nucleation.
Kaischew was mainly theorists, however, sought the close connection to the experiment. He published his first work together with Ivan Stranski, a pioneer of crystal growth research. After Stranski in 1927 published fundamental work on the atomic theory of equilibrium and growth forms of ionic crystals ( independently at about the same Walther Kossel ) to Stranski and Kaischew devoted thereafter homopolar crystals. 1934 both developed for these kinetic theory for a uniform molecular equilibrium forms and nucleation in two and three dimensions. They also wrote pioneering work on the kinetic theory of crystal formation from vapors and of bubbles in superheated liquids. From 1939 he also dealt with the microscopic theory of the growth of small crystals on surfaces (roughness) and from the early 1950s, growth of crystals on foreign substrates ( such as formation of thin films). He examined the influence of adsorbed foreign substances on the nucleation, the nucleation in small liquid droplets and form small clusters.
More fundamental work dealt with the theory and experimental investigation of the crystallization ( nucleation and growth ) of metals in electrolysis ( electrocrystallization ). In the 1950s, his group also get first footage of the formation of growth spirals of silver in the electrolysis.
Kaischew one of the founders of the Bulgarian school of physical chemistry. From her five other members of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and more than 20 professors emerged.
Awards (selection)
Kaischew was also a member of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences and the Saxon Academy of Sciences.
The Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences carries Kaischews name today.